[Pulmonary tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Ukraine (first communication)]. / Tuberkulez organov dykhaniia i sindrom priobretennogo immunodefitsita na Ukraine (pervoe soobshchenie).

The epidemiological HIV infection situation in the Ukraine in the past 4 years is analyzed. In patients with AIDS, the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis are atypical; prolonged intoxication, negative tuberculin tests, no bacterial isolation in half the cases. These patients should be treated with 4 - 5 antituberculous drugs, by taking into account the fact that only long-term continuous therapy may yield a positive effect.

PIP: In the Ukraine, the first case of HIV infection was reported in 1987 and, by the end of 1992, the number rose to 112 cases, 12 of which developed AIDS. By mid-1996, about 4500 HIV-positive cases were known to exist and there were 73 known AIDS patients, of which 40 died. Another cause for concern is the resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) and, in particular, TB in combination with HIV infection. There were 177.8 double infection cases/100,000 population in the country according to recent statistical data versus 38.7 TB cases/100,000 population in the general population. The first 8 cases of double infection were reported in 1991. TB is commonly treated with the following drugs: 5-10 mg/kg isoniazid; 10 mg/kg ethambutol or 25 mg/kg pyrazinamide; 15 mg/kg streptomycin or 15 mg/kg kanamycin. AIDS is treated with azidothymidine, dextransulfate, and by the implantation of lymphocytes for the restoration of immune function. The observation period of the 8 patients infected with TB and HIV lasted from 4-5 months to 2 years, during which time intensive therapy consisted of 4-5 preparations. Post-TB sequelae, such as fibrous inflammation in the lungs, should be treated with 5 mg/kg isoniazid for 3 months twice a year. The traditional diagnosis of TB relies on negative TB tests, atypical X-ray images, and the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in more than 50% of the patients.

[The results of treating pulmonary tuberculosis patients with different concomitant diseases by using millimeter-wave resonance therapy]. / Rezul'taty lecheniia bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh s razlichnymi soputstvuiushchimi zabolevaniiami pri primenenii millimetrovovolnovoi rezonansnoi terapii.

The authors investigated the clinical and biochemical efficacy of millimeter-wave resonance therapy in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis associated with different concomitant diseases. It was established that inclusion of millimeter-wave resonance therapy in the complex treatment of this patient category favoured the efficacy of tuberculosis treatment. The treatment produced also a favourable effect on concomitant diseases.

[Pulmonary ventilation and central hemodynamics in pulmonary tuberculosis patients]. / Sostoianie legochnoi ventiliatsii i tsentral'noi gemodinamiki u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

Computerized devices were used for evaluation of the state of pulmonary ventilation and central hemodynamics in 32 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis depending on the spread of the specific process. Patients with limited changes in the lungs, showed disorders of bronchial patency and compensatory increase of organic ejection of the right ventricle. In the presence of spread changes in the lungs the above mentioned changes were supplemented by restrictive ventilation disorders with a reduction of the contractile myocardial capacity. These functional changes should be considered in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

[The psychological characteristics of patients with chronic destructive pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Psikhologicheskie osobennosti bol'nykh khronicheskim destruktivnym tuberkulezom legkikh.

As a result of a study of 262 patients with chronic destructive tuberculosis of the lungs the authors revealed that these patients showed personality disorders that impede adequate treatment. Psychotherapy carried out in 5.2% of patients aimed at correction of personality disorders enabled to increase treatment efficacy of chronic destructive pulmonary tuberculosis.

[Clinico-functional characteristics of the external respiratory system and central hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Kliniko-funktsional'naia kharakteristika sistemy vneshnego dykhaniia i tsentral'noi gemodinamiki u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

Lung ventilation and central hemodynamics in the course of treatment of 43 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. Registered ventilation and hemodynamic disturbances disappeared with an effectively conducted chemotherapy.

[The basic causes of relapses in respiratory organ tuberculosis]. / Osnovnye prichiny retsidivov tuberkuleza organov dykhaniia.

The authors analyze 1080 cases of recurrence of tuberculosis of the respiratory organs with emphasis of their causes. It was found that recurrences were observed in subjects over 40 years of age that were dismissed from dispensary prophylactic examination or observed in subgroup VII-A and more frequently than freshly diagnosed tuberculosis showing bacteria discharge and pulmonary destruction. It was found that the leading cause of recurrence is an inadequate course of chemotherapy.

[Antiproteolytic activity of the blood serum in adolescents with pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Antiproteoliticheskaia aktivnost' syvorotki krovi u podrostkov, bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

The antiproteolytic activity of the blood serum was examined in the course of hospital treatment of 128 adolescents with prevailingly torpid forms of pulmonary tuberculosis and in 19 adolescents with tubercular infection (control). A direct correlation has been found between the degree of clinico-roentgenological manifestations of the disease and level of serum alpha 1-inhibitor of proteinases as well as between the efficacy of treatment and normalization of the antiproteolytic activity of the blood of the patients. It proposed to use the determination of alpha 1-inhibitor of proteinases as an additional criterion of evaluation of the clinical course and outcomes of the disease in adolescents.