[Myocardial infarction: peculiarities of lipid metabolism, oxidative and antioxidative potential].

Characteristics of lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation products (LPP), and antioxidative potential were determined in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Minor variations of serum total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerids were detected in patients with small-focal MI. After completion of therapy cholesterol dropped only in patients with transmural infarction. LDL cholesterol was low prior to therapy in all patients and continued to decrease in transmural MI. All patients had high dienic congugate levels in plasma and erythrocytes that did not change under effect of baseline therapy. The level of secondary LPP (MDA) in erythrocytes was high and remained unaltered during treatment. Antioxidative potential measured as SOD activity was elevated in all patients. Glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities decreased throughout the treatment period. Patients with acute IM developed oxidative stress during heart attack, it persisted for a long time and was responsible for suppression of pentosophosphate cycle in erythrocytes associated with low activity of glutathione reductase and catalase that needed reduced NADPH2 codehydrogenase to manifest itself. Patients with small-focal and transmural AMI experienced elevation of oxidative potential in erythrocytes and membranopathy. Baseline therapy failed to normalize production of primary and secondary LPP in patients with MI and eliminate oxidative stress that developed during heart attacks and persisted after the termination of therapy. It is concluded that correction of metabolic disturbances requires antioxidative therapy to neutralize LPP.

[Oxidative stress in myocardial infarction and the efficiency of its correction with the drug Trimetazidine].

The purpose of the study was to assess efficiency of the use of trimetazidine (Preductal MR) in therapy of acute myocardial infarction (MI) on the grounds of examination of oxidative potential of erythrocytes and blood serum, antioxidative enzyme activity. Group of patients with acute small-focal, large-focal and transmural myocardial infarction, who received traditional therapy and in addition cytoprotective drug trimetazidine, was examined. Primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation (LP), antioxidative enzymes were analyzed on 1st and 21st day after the beginning of anginous attack. Integral indices for estimation of LP and antioxidative potential were calculated. Primary and secondary products of LP in erythrocytes and blood serum in patients with acute MI were high in 1st day and did not recover to normal after combined therapy. Combined therapy of acute MI with the use of trimetazidine (Preductal MR) made possible to reduce LP, especially at small-focal MI because of increase in enzyme activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase with catalase activity retention. Transmural MI was characterized by decrease in blood glutathione reductase and catalase activity, retention of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity, and increase in thiols content.

[Spinal fluid in central nervous system diseases]. / Issledovanie likvora pri zabolevaniiakh tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy.

Erythrocytes, extracellular hemoglobin and bilirubin level, a quantity of medium mass molecules and catalase activity were determined in the spinal fluid of 32 patient with closed craniocerebral injury of the various degree 24 hours after accident. The extracellular hemoglobin and the bilirubin level were shown to appear in cases with cerebral contusion in association with bleeding only, failed to reflect state severity degree at the early stage after injury. As the number of medium mass molecules increases significantly only in the patients with severe contusions, this index can be used for description of the severity of the process and for evaluation of the deterioration of the clearance of proteolytic products resulting in endogenous intoxication of the central nervous system. The spinal catalytic enzyme activity reflects the severity of the closed cerebrocranial trauma most objectively and can be used as a subarachnoid hemorrhage marker.

[Liver function and the lipid metabolic status of patients before and after a surgical intervention on the gastrointestinal tract]. / Funktsiia pecheni i sostoianie lipidnogo obmena u bol'nykh do i posle operativnogo vmeshatel'stva na zheludochno-kishechnom trakte.

Local hepatic bloodflow (LHB) and metabolic processes were examined in patients with abdominal diseases during intensive transfusion and infusion therapy attended by incomplete parenteral feeding. A reduction of LHB and disorders of lipid metabolism were observed before surgery. After surgery LHB was still reduced on days 1-3. Cholestatic and cytolytic syndromes developed after the intervention, and a reduction of the protein-synthesizing function of hepatocytes and disorders of the lipid status were observed. By days 7-10 the protein-synthesizing function recovered, as did the enzymatic activity, but no complete recovery of LHB and lipid spectrum were observed.

[Assessment of liquid human serum in quality control of clinico-biochemical studies]. / Otsenka zhidkoi syvorotki cheloveka, ispol'zuemoi dlia kontrolia kachestva kliniko-biokhimicheskikh issledovanii.

Ethylen-glycol-based liquid human serum was used in intralaboratory control of the quality of biochemical assays. The serum was stored in a freezer at -15 degrees C, the tested components were stable for up to 1.5 years. Studies with liquid reference serum permitted detection of gross, regular, and accidental errors and helped timely remove the causes of these errors. Errors made during laboratory investigations are analyzed.

[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in clinical practice]. / Skorost' osedaniia éritrotsitov v klinicheskoi praktike.

Describes the principal mechanisms of red cell sedimentation rate in accordance with the available literature data. Characterizes the factors enhancing and inhibiting red cell sedimentation rate. Presents three methods for evaluation of red cell sedimentation rate: Panchenkov's micromethod, rapid method, and fractionated test. Discusses the most incident errors occurring in determination of red cell sedimentation rate and the clinico-diagnostic significance of this parameter in a number of diseases.

[The prognostic significance of cholesterol determination in the high-density lipoprotein fraction of blood donors]. / Prognosticheskaia znachimost' opredeleniia kholesterina vo fraktsii lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti u donorov krovi.

The relationships between concentrations of HDLP cholesterol and total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides in the blood serum; between HDLP cholesterol content and TC have been analyzed in the group of blood donors. Three variants were determined: 1) high TC, normal HDLP cholesterol, low HDLP proportion in TC 2) high TC, high HDLP cholesterol, normal HDLP/TC 3) normal TC, low HDLP cholesterol, low proportion of HDLP in TC. There were no correlations between HDLP cholesterol and triglycerides quantities in the blood serum.

[The triglyceride content in the high-density lipoproteins of patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Soderzhanie triglitseridov v lipoproteidakh vysokoi plotnosti u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

The sera and high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction obtained from donors and patients with coronary heart disease, Functional Class II exercise-induced angina or postinfarction cardiosclerosis were studied for levels of triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (C) and calculated for percentage of HDL cholesterol of total serum cholesterol, C/TG and HDL C/HDL TG ratios. A TG-enriched HDL fraction was detected, which had an unusual structure. Calculation of the percentage of HDL C of serum total cholesterol levels much more revealed lower concentrations of HDL C.

[Provision of quality control in hemoglobin studies]. / Provedenie kontrolia kachestva issledovaniia gemoglobina.

Hemolysate with 30% of ethylene glycol was used for plotting calibration graph and for calibration of micropipets employed in blood collection and hemoglobin determination. The hemolysate was treated for 20 days; statistical characteristics were determined (mean value, root-mean-square deviation, coefficient of variations). A control chart was plotted for every laboratory assistant engaged in blood collection and measurement of hemoglobin concentration. Errors possible in estimation of hemoglobin concentration at clinical diagnostic laboratories are analyzed.