ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of human papilloma virus (HPV) subtypes in Uyghur people from the high risk region of cervical cancer in Xinjiang. METHODS: 21 subtypes of HPV from 400 cases of men's swabs of penile and 400 cases of women's cervix swabs were detected, using flow-through hybridization and gene chip technology. RESULTS: (1) The positive rate of HPV among the 400 women cases was 14.25%, with HPV16 the most common type. In women whose HPV was positive, the positive rate of HPV16 was 66.67%. The ranking of frequencies on the HPV subtypes in women were:HPV16, 58, 39, 18, 33, 52, 43, 66, CP8304, HPV6 and 11. (2) Among the 400 male cases, the positive rate of HPV was 8.00%, with HPV16 the most common type. In men whose HPV was positive, the rate of HPV16 was 44.44%. The ranking of HPV subtypes in men were HPV16, 43, 33, 39, 6 (HPV39 and 6 are equivalent) and 53. (3) Both wives and husbands were infected by different subtypes of HPV, the positive rate was relatively low among men whose wife's HPV were positive. However, the HPV positive rate was relatively low among women whose husband's HPV were positive. The concordance infection rate of women and men were 7.02% and the concordance infection rate of men and women were 9.38%. CONCLUSION: The HPV positive rates were relatively low in both men and women living in the region with high risk of cervical cancer in Xinjiang. However, the positive rate of high risk types HPV and HPV16 in both men and women were relatively high. Uyghur men seemed to have played a certain role related to the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. HPV16 was the main type in both men and women in Xinjiang.
Subject(s)
Papillomaviridae/classification , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Adult , Aged , Cervix Uteri/virology , China/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Papillomavirus Infections/ethnology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/ethnology , Young Adult , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/ethnologyABSTRACT
Keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR), also known as FGFR2 IIIb, is a splice variant of FGFR-2. KGFR is expressed in many types of epithelial cell and is activated with four known ligands [FGF-1, FGF-3, FGF-7 (also known as KGF) and FGF-10] that are predominantly synthesized by mesenchymal cells. KGFR is highly expressed in the late-proliferative phase of a normal endometrium and in endometrial adenocarcinoma. In the present study, we attempted to determine the expression and localization of KGFR in human cervical cancer cell lines and cervical cancer tissues. The KGFR protein was detected in CaSki and HeLa cells, but not in ME-180 cells of cervical cancer cell lines. In non-cancer cervical tissues, KGFR immunoreactivity was weakly expressed in the surface of squamous epithelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Immunohistochemically, the KGFR protein was detected in squamous cell carcinoma in 36 of 42 (86%) cervical cancer patients. In cervical cancer tissues, KGFR was detected in 17 of 18 (94%) of patients with the keratinizing type and 19 of 24 (79%) of patients with the non-keratinizing type of cervical cancer. Furthermore, KGFR was prominently localized in proliferating reserve cells and squamous metaplastic reserve cells adjacent to cancer cells. In contrast, KGFR was not detected in cervical ductal cells in cancer or non-cancer cervical tissues. These findings may indicate that KGFR mediates the growth and differentiation of reserve cells and squamous cell carcinoma in the cervix.
Subject(s)
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/metabolism , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Blotting, Western , Cell Line, Tumor , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Middle Aged , Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2ABSTRACT
Lumican is a member of a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family and is reported to be overexpressed during the wound healing process of the cornea, and ischemic and reperfused heart. In the carcinomatous tissues, lumican is overexpressed in human breast and pancreatic cancer tissues. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the expression of lumican mRNA and its protein in human cervical cancer cell lines (CaSki, ME-180 and HeLa cells) and their localization in normal and cancerous human cervical tissues. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis revealed the expression of lumican mRNA and its protein in CaSki, ME-180 and HeLa cells. No or weak immunoreactivity of the lumican protein was observed in stroma but not in squamous and ductal cells of non-cancerous uterine cervical tissues. In 21 of 28 (75%) cervical cancer cases, the lumican protein was strongly expressed in cancer cells, and accumulated particularly in cancer cells at the periphery of the cancer nests. It was also expressed in the fibroblasts adjacent to the cancer cells. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that lumican mRNA was not expressed in squamous or ductal epithelial cells in non-cancerous tissues, but was expressed in most cancer cells and stromal fibroblasts in uterine cervical cancer tissues. The lumican protein was not localized in normal squamous or ductal cells close to cancer cells, but its mRNA was strongly expressed in the same cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report on lumican synthesized by squamous cell carcinomas. These findings may indicate that the accumulated lumican protein in cancer cells at the periphery of cancer nests may play roles in the growth or invasion of human cervical cancer cells.
