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1.
Mol Genet Metab Rep ; 25: 100674, 2020 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33204637

ABSTRACT

Newborn screening is a public health care program worldwide to prevent patients from critical illness or conditions. Tandem mass spectrometry allows multiplex, inexpensive, and rapid newborn screening. However, mass spectrometry used for newborn screening to date is not able to separate peaks of compounds with similar m/z, which could lead to false-positive results without additional second-tier tests, such as fragmentation. We experienced three neonatal cases with high levels of markers, octanoylcarnitine and octanoylcarnitine/decanoylcarnitine ratio used to pick up possible cases of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. The babies were born consecutively in a maternity hospital. Their second acylcarnitine profiles were normal, and the genetic tests for ACADM were negative. Analysis of samples extracted from their first Guthrie cards where blood was not stained also showed peaks equivalent to octanoylcarnitine and decanoylcarnitine, indicating contamination. Environmental surveillance in the maternity ward suggested that essential oils used there might contain the contaminated compound. LC-HRMS/MS and in silico analysis revealed that false-positive results might be due to contamination with the essential oils in Guthrie cards, and causal agents were sphinganine (d17:0) and 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(pentadecyl)amino]ethanol. Thus, health care providers should be cautioned about use of essential oils when collecting blood samples on Guthrie cards. False-positive results can waste costly social resources and cause a physical and psychological burden for children and parents.

2.
Intern Med ; 56(21): 2929-2932, 2017 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28943568

ABSTRACT

Unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy can result from various neurological disorders. We herein report the case of a 68-year-old man with complete unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy following campylobacter infection. Based on the antecedent infection and the patient's decreased tendon reflexes, incomplete Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) without ataxia was suspected. His serum tested positive for anti-GQ1b antibodies. He recovered over a period of 87 days without immunotherapy. We conclude that incomplete MFS following campylobacter infection can cause unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy without ataxia. Mild MFS should be considered in patients presenting with unilateral isolated ophthalmoplegia and decreased tendon reflexes.


Subject(s)
Campylobacter Infections/complications , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/complications , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/diagnosis , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Gangliosides/immunology , Humans , Male , Miller Fisher Syndrome/diagnosis , Oculomotor Nerve Diseases/immunology
3.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys ; 74(1): 229-36, 2009 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19362241

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine whether glioma cells irradiated with a microplanar X-ray beam exert bystander effects. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Microplanar beam irradiation of glioma cells in vitro was done using the SPring-8 synchrotron radiation facility. The amount of DNA double-strand breaks (dsbs) was measured by the fluorescence intensity of phosphorylated H2AX or the number of 53BP1 foci. The dose distribution in a cell population exposed to a single microplanar beam was determined by the amount of phosphorylated H2AX-positive cells. Bystander effects were determined by counting the number of 53BP1 foci in nonirradiated cells treated with conditioned medium from cultures of irradiated cells. RESULTS: More DNA dsbs were detected in cells adjacent to an area irradiated by the single beam than in cells in distant, nonirradiated areas as a result of bystander effects caused by scattered X-rays and DNA dsbs. In support of this, more 53BP1 foci were observed in nonirradiated, conditioned medium-treated cells than in control cells (i.e., cells not treated with irradiation or conditioned medium). These results suggest that DNA dsbs were induced in nonirradiated cells by soluble factors in the culture medium. In addition, we observed cellular migration into areas irradiated with peak doses, suggesting that irradiated cells send signals that cause nonirradiated cells to migrate toward damaged cells. CONCLUSIONS: Bystander effects are produced by factors secreted as a result of slit-type microplanar X-ray beam irradiation.


Subject(s)
Bystander Effect , Cell Movement , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded , Glioma/radiotherapy , Neoplasm Proteins/analysis , Animals , Culture Media, Conditioned , Glioma/genetics , Glioma/metabolism , Glioma/pathology , Histones/analysis , Histones/metabolism , Humans , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/analysis , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Radiotherapy Dosage , Rats , Synchrotrons , Tumor Cells, Cultured , Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1
4.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 67(1): 155-9, 2009 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18789708

ABSTRACT

A microscope with band-pass filters was used to measure the optical-density distribution of GafChromic films irradiated with multi-slit microbeam X-rays. The planar width was 25 microm, and the center-to-center distance was 200 microm. The peak and valley dose rates in air were found to be 120 and 0.7Gy/s, respectively. In a polymethylmethacrylate phantom, the peak-to-valley dose ratio decreased to 80 at a 1-mm depth. Doses calculated with the PENELOPE code agreed with those around the peak but became smaller in the valley.


Subject(s)
Film Dosimetry/methods , Synchrotrons , Microscopy/methods
5.
Biotechnol Bioeng ; 96(5): 1008-13, 2007 Apr 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16952165

ABSTRACT

A microbial array chip with collagen gel spots entrapping living Escherichia coli (E. coli) DH5alpha was applied for the screening of recombinant protein solubilities. The alpha-fragment of beta-galactosidase (betaGal) was fused to the target protein, namely, maltose-binding protein (MBP), to monitor the solubility of MBP. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to detect the release of p-aminophenol from E. coli cells catalyzed by intracellular betaGal. Comparison of the SECM-based method with the Western blotting-based method indicated that the current response obtained using SECM increased with an increase in the betaGal activity and therefore, with the soluble fraction of MBP in the host cells.


Subject(s)
Carrier Proteins/chemistry , Electrochemistry/methods , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Microscopy/methods , Recombinant Proteins/chemistry , Carrier Proteins/metabolism , Escherichia coli/genetics , Maltose-Binding Proteins , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
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