ABSTRACT
A model of high-energy ball milling of powders has been proposed. It is demonstrated that part of the energy is consumed for initiation of microstrains ε during milling and, hence, the process of the powder grinding is decelerated. An analytical expression has been deduced describing the size of nanocrystalline powder particles as a function of the milling time. The model and the experiment have been compared, using a powder of tungsten carbide (WC). The average size of the particles and the value of the microstrains in the ball-milled powder were determined by an x-ray method from broadening of diffraction reflections. The size of the particles was also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and the sedimentation method.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor , Carcinoma/diagnosis , ErbB Receptors/chemistry , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Carcinoma/pathology , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 , Down-Regulation , ErbB Receptors/genetics , ErbB Receptors/metabolism , Female , Humans , Ligands , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Prognosis , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
In the presented methodical scheme, consecutively and systematically are scrutinized the epidemiology, the risk factors, the etiopathogenesis, the histopathology and the clinical signs of the uterine sarcoma. The diagnostic possibilities, as well as the staging principles are pointed. The current treatment factors, the prognostic factors and follow-up corresponding to the requirements of the oncological doctrine are presented.
Subject(s)
Sarcoma/therapy , Uterine Neoplasms/therapy , Bulgaria/epidemiology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Sarcoma/diagnosis , Sarcoma/epidemiology , Sarcoma/pathology , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Neoplasms/epidemiology , Uterine Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
In the presented methodical scheme, consecutively and systematically are scrutinised the epidemiology, the risk factors, the etiopathogenesis, the histopathology and the clinical signs of the endometrial cancer. The diagnostic possibilities, as well as the staging principles are pointed. The current treatment tactics, therapeutic schemes according to the stage and follow-up corresponding to the requirements of the oncological doctrine are presented.
Subject(s)
Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Endometrial Neoplasms/therapy , Clinical Protocols , Endometrial Neoplasms/epidemiology , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , PrognosisABSTRACT
The aim of our research work was to assess the transvaginal ultrasonography for measurement of endometrial thickness in women with postmenopausal bleeding, and in this way to determine the less invasive treatment. We wanted to make a grading of endometrial cancer, in order to choose patients who need pelvic and para-aortal lymph dissection. We examined 84 patients by ultrasonography and histological examination of the endometrium. Under 8 mm thickness were not found precancer and cancer lesions. The mean endometrial thickness was 8.25c1.63 mm, while in non pathological lesions was 1.36c1.10 mm. In order to diagnose endometrial pathology we determined border of 5 mm. Over 5 mm the ultrasonography has a 88.6% sensitivity, 90.6% specificity, 4.6% false negatives results--3 polyps, 1 glandular hyperplasia. Nevertheless that we determined border of 5 mm under which with great possibility there is no endometrial cancer, we don't support authors who advise not make a D&C. Future examinations in this field will give more light on this problem.
