ABSTRACT
Antibiotic resistance and its impact on human microbiome remains a global public health concern. Studies have shown that treatment with antibiotics leads to dramatic changes in composition and function of gut microbiome. This review focuses on the association between antibiotics use and its impact on gut microbiome of adults and children, gut microbiota metabolic interactions and presents the current understanding of the link between human gut microbiome and immune system.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Microbiota , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Drug Resistance, Microbial/drug effects , Humans , Immune System/drug effectsABSTRACT
Psoriatic disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by skin lesions. Psoriasis development has been associated both with genetic and environmental factors. Though skin and gut microbiota has been implicated in number of pathologies including atopic dermatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, allergy, and obesity, its role has been poorly studied in psoriatic disease, which incorporates both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. This literature review summarizes the most recent and major findings on microbiota features in psoriatic disease. Despite conflicting findings, psoriasis patients were frequently found to have distinct microbial composition in both skin and guts especially in the major bacterial phyla, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and genus Akkermansia. Furthermore, bacterial DNA has been found in psoriatic patients both locally and systemically, and altogether suggesting a crucial role of bacteria in psoriatic disease and future studies in this field.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Psoriatic/microbiology , Microbiota , Psoriasis/microbiology , Skin/microbiology , Arthritis, Psoriatic/pathology , Dermatitis, Atopic , Humans , Psoriasis/pathology , Skin/pathologyABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to test for a potential anticarcinogenic effect of Celergen, a marine derivative devoid of traceable amounts of inorganic arsenic, on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in the HepG2 human liver cancer cell line. Celergen significantly inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner while limiting the cell cycle progression at the G1 phase and significantly inducing apoptosis. Further examination showed that Celergen enhanced expression of the p21(CIPl1WAF1), GADD153 genes and downregulated the c-myc gene. These results suggest that Celergen exerts promising chemopreventive properties to be further investigated.
Subject(s)
Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology , Biological Products/pharmacology , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Anticarcinogenic Agents/administration & dosage , Anticarcinogenic Agents/isolation & purification , Apoptosis/drug effects , Aquatic Organisms , Biological Products/administration & dosage , Biological Products/isolation & purification , Cell Cycle/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Down-Regulation/drug effects , G1 Phase/drug effects , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Genes, myc/genetics , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Transcription Factor CHOP/geneticsSubject(s)
Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Chaperonin 60/genetics , Cultured Milk Products/microbiology , Lactobacillus/classification , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Chaperonin 60/classification , Genotype , Kazakhstan , Lactobacillus/genetics , Lactobacillus/isolation & purification , Phenotype , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/classification , Russia , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Cultural, morphologic, and biochemical characteristics of Lactobacillus casei were studied as well as their acid-forming and antagonistic activity and resistance to antibiotics. 60 cultures identified as L. caseiwere isolated from 250 samples of sour-milk products and clinical specimens. All isolated strains had respectively high antagonistic activity regardless of their source. Dependence between antagonistic activity and acid formation was not detected. Conclusion about promise for using these lactobacilli for manufacturing of probiotics has been done.
