ABSTRACT
The effects of acetaldehyde and ethanol treatments on hepatic lipid peroxidation are compared in rats after the administration of toxically corresponding doses. Wistar rats were given a single dose of acetaldehyde (0.5 g/kg) or ethanol (5 g/kg) intraperitoneally. The animals were killed 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h after treatments. The results indicate that acetaldehyde, like ethanol, stimulates hepatic lipid peroxidation and also selectively affects the hepatic mitochondria.
Subject(s)
Acetaldehyde/toxicity , Alcoholic Intoxication/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism , Animals , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
The effect of acute and chronic ethanol administration on brain lipid peroxide and glutathione levels was investigated in rats. Acute ethanol administration (5 g/kg, i.p.) led to an increase in lipid peroxide levels and a decrease in glutathione levels in whole brain homogenates without cerebellum. However, there was no change in brain lipid peroxide and glutathione levels of rats chronically treated with ethanol.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Ethanol/toxicity , Glutathione/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Alcoholic Intoxication/pathology , Alcoholism/pathology , Animals , Brain/pathology , Liver/pathology , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
Liver cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride, lipid peroxide and glutathione levels as well as glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activities were determined in rats fed a high-cholesterol (2%, w/w), high-cholic acid (0.5%, w/w) diet for 3 months. Cholesterol feeding caused an increase in hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but no change was observed in hepatic phospholipid levels. In addition, a significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxide levels and a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activities have been observed. However, hepatic glutathione content after cholesterol feeding remained unchanged. These results show that cholesterol feeding leads to the stimulation of hepatic lipid peroxidation as well as impairment of glutathione-related enzyme activities in rats.
Subject(s)
Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage , Glutathione Peroxidase/analysis , Glutathione Transferase/analysis , Glutathione/analysis , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Animals , Cholesterol, Dietary/metabolism , Liver/enzymology , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Triglycerides/metabolismABSTRACT
Erythrocyte cholesterol and phospholipid levels, the susceptibility of erythrocytes to lipid peroxidation as well as erythrocyte glutathione and vitamin E levels were determined in rats fed a high cholesterol (2%, w/w) and high cholic acid (0.5%, w/w) diet for 3 months. Cholesterol feeding caused an increase in erythrocyte cholesterol levels, but no change was observed in erythrocyte phospholipid levels. Dietary cholesterol did not alter the susceptibility of erythrocytes to lipid peroxidation as well as erythrocyte glutathione and vitamin E levels in rats.
