[Ciprofloxacin in the prevention and treatment of surgical infections]. / Primenenie tsiprofloksatsina v profilaktike i lechenii khirurgicheskikh infektsii.

A clinico-laboratory study on ciprofloxacin made by Bayer (Germany) was applied to patients with extended posttraumatic wounds and performed with the aim of preventing postoperative purulent complications in patients operated on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. In the both groups ciprofloxacin was administered orally in doses of 500 and 1000 mg and intravenously in a dose of 200 mg. The results of the assay on ciprofloxacin sensitivity of the isolates from the wound excretion and urine showed that they were more sensitive to ciprofloxacin than to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. 15 minutes after the intravenous administration the serum concentration of ciprofloxacin amounted to 7.5 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml and in 6 hours it was equal to 0.45 +/- 0.45 micrograms/ml, the mean concentrations of ciprofloxacin being attained in the bile (8.7 +/- +/- 3.9 micrograms/ml), gallbladder wall (5.5 +/- 3.8 micrograms/g), liver (0.73 micrograms/g), muscles (1.93 micrograms/g) and tendon (0.15 microgram/g). After the oral administration in a dose of 500 mg ciprofloxacin was detected in the blood serum in an amount of 2.0 +/- 0.7 micrograms/ml in 1 hour and in an amount of 0.9 +/- 0.13 micrograms/ml in 6 hours. After the drug oral administration in a dose of 1000 mg the maximum concentrations were: 6.34 +/- 4.2 micrograms/ml on the average and 2.1 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml in 6 hours (0.4 micrograms/g in the muscles, 1.4 micrograms/g in the skin and 0.34 micrograms/g in the bones). The study showed that ciprofloxacin was a highly efficient antimicrobial agent in the treatment of the complicated wound infections and the prophylaxis of the purulent complications during the postoperative period in the patients operated on gastrointestinal organs.

[Antibiotic sensitivity of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in patients with infected burns]. / Antibiotikochuvstvitel'nost' Acinetobacter calcoaceticus u bol'nykh s infitsirovannymi ozhogami.

Sensitivity of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratum isolated from infected burn wounds was studied with respect to 24 antibiotics. It was found that the isolates were multiple drug resistant. Sensitivity was observed at least to 8 out of 24 antibiotics. The majority of the isolates were resistant to 10--15 drugs. Many strains were resistant to 16--17 antibiotics. 11 antibacterial drugs, i. e. tobramycin, sisomicin, gentamicin, amicacin, neomycin, carbenicillin, polymyxin M, erythromycin, tetracycline, rifampicin and dioxidine proved to be most active against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The strains were resistant to 6 antibiotics, i. e. penicillin, oxacillin, lincomycin, ceporin, fusidin and ristomycin. The activity of streptomycin, ampicillin and levomycetin was negligible.

[Clinical biological possibilities of the early detection of the side effects of antibiotics]. / Kliniko-biologicheskie vozmozhnosti rannego vyiavleniia pobochnogo deistviia antibiotikov.

The study of the dynamics of biogenic amines in the blood of patients provided to a certain extent determination of the possible thread of the drug complications. In this respect the serotonin level was of special significance. As for the reaction of leucocyte agglomeration it may be used before the treatment if there is a doubt in the tolerance of the antibacterial drug prescribed. Increased serotonin blood levels in this case also serve a confirmation of the thread of the possible allergic or toxic reaction in the patient.