[Methodology of assessing and evaluating public health risk in legal regulation of sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population].

The authors describe method to assess and manage risk for public health in system of legal regulation of sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population. Scheme of assessment and management of occupational risks is presented.

[METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE ASSURANCE OF SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELFARE ON THE BASE OF THE METHODOLOGY OF POPULATION'S HEALTH RISK MANAGEMENT].

In the article there is considered the practice of the application of the current legislative regulatory and procedural base for the occupational health and labor medicine (hygiene) issues. There are discussed issues of the assessment of occupational risks in enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region. There are proposed approaches to the creating the occupational risk management and assessment systems.

[METHODICAL APPROACHES, EXPERIENCE AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RISK MODEL OF SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES IN THE SPHERE OF THE ASSURANCE OF SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELFARE OF POPULATION, POPULATION'S HEALTH RISK MANAGEMENT AND THE CONSUMER RIGHTS PROTECTION].

Control and supervision measures--one of the main technologies of Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights protection and Human Welfare in the overall system of risk management for public health and damage to property consumers, aimed at the solution of the prior tasks in the field of assurance of the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population and consumer rights protection. The effectiveness of this technology depends on the correct choice of priority objects of supervision, which form the main problems in the sanitary and epidemiological situation and in the consumer market. The application of is approach has led to more effective oversight activity and the improvement of a number of indices characterizing the achievement of the objectives in the common system of risk management for public health and property of consumers.

[ANALYSIS OF THE METHODIC APPROACHES TO THE OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION].

This study is devoted to the practice of the application of the current legislative regulatory and procedural base for the occupational health and safety issues. The issues of the occupational risks assessment at the enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region are discussed Approaches to the creation of the occupational risk management and assessment systems are proposed.

[THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF ORGANS OF FEDERAL SERVICE FOR SUPERVISION OF CONSUMER RIGHTS PROTECTION AND HUMAN WELFARE IN THE SVERDLOVSK REGION].

In the Sverdlovsk region there have developed and implemented methodological approaches to the optimization oj the activity of the Directorate and the Centre directed to the improvement of the sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and in the sphere of the protection of the rights of consumers in the framework of the development of an comprehensive regional system of risk management for the population's health in the Sverdlovsk region.

[Quality of life in cryolite production workers depending on length of service].

Federal budgetary establishment of a science "the Ekaterinburg medical centre of science of preventive maintenance and health protection of workers industrial plants". Findings are that adaptation level and life quality parameters progressively decrease with longer length of service. The most unfavorable parameters are seen in cryolite production workers with length of service over 20 years and in age group of 45-55 years. Conclusion is that treatment and prevention are necessary.

[Emerging issues concerning hygiene in the Russian aluminum industry].

In this study the data of multiyear investigations of occupational and environmental hazards at different enterprises of the Russian aluminum industry are presented. Basing on these data, we have been elaborated the algorithm and methodological approaches on management of the occupational and ecology-related risks using hygienic safety criteria, risk evaluation technique, epidemiological and economic analysis.

[Regional "occupational medicine" system--effective model of occupational risks evaluation and management].

Sverdlovsk regional government specified and approved a concept of diversified system "Occupational medicine" to preserve and improve health of workers in Sverdlovsk region. Implementation of the concept enables to put new organizational approaches into practice for improved management of available medical care for all workers, for increased quality of this care, for better clinical work and better health of economically active population in Sverdlovsk region.

[Health and life quality of workers in industrial Urals region].

The authors present data on occupational morbidity among workers of Urals area, life quality of the workers in some economic branches, on work process role in chronoalgorithm of body systems functioning. Suggestions cover a variant of program aimed to preventive therapy and preservation of healthy lifestyle.

[Forecasting risks of occupational dust diseases in individuals contacting chrysotile-asbestos dust].

Analysing terms of occupational respiratory dust diseases formation proved that length of service under exposure to chrysotile-asbestos aerosols, which is according to prognosis associated with final development of dust diseases in half of the examinees, is 33.55 years. Dynamics of final diagnostic criteria formation for occupational disease in relation to length of service is not a linear type.

[Evaluation of the effect of drinking water quality on the population's health].

The paper presents data on the quality of drinking water used by the population in the Sverdlovsk Region when water is supplied in the centralized and non-centralized fashion. Interaction of the centre with the Russian consumption inspectorates of the Sverdlovsk Region, different designing, scientific, and profit-making organizations concerned has made it possible to define priority measures and lines to improve water supply systems and the technologies for the preparation, transportation, and delivery of qualitative water to the population.

[Rehabilitation of the population living in poor environmental areas in the Sverdlovsk Region].

Medical rehabilitation of the population living in poor environmental areas has been realized since 1999 and is the basis for environmental safety policy in the Sverdlovsk Region, along with the prevention and reduction of environmental pollution, the rational use, conservation, and replenishment of natural complexes. Medical rehabilitation activities for the population's health are aimed at managing the risks associated with human environmental factors, managing address medical prophylactic services, individual behavioral factors, habits, and awareness of the population. Interaction of the participants of the medical rehabilitation system provides for tackling the set health promotion tasks in the Sverdlovsk Region.

[A role of the sociohygienic monitoring system in the maintenance and promotion of the population's health (in case of the Sverdlovsk Region)].

The paper summarizes the results of implementation of the sociohygienic monitoring system in the Sverdlovsk Region, the stages of the populational and individual diagnosis, by using a risk-assessing methodology and current environmental and epidemiological studies. Sociohygienic monitoring allowed the priorities to be determined in health maintenance and promotion in the population of this region. The accumulated experience illustrated by some examples that have been earlier published in detail supports the need for a relationship of the above guidelines within the sociohygienic monitoring system, for the development of mechanisms responsible for risk management and further improvement of surveillance of the sanitary and epidemiological situation.

[The concept of acceptable risk is the key debatable issue of the assessment and management of a risk to the population's health].

The authors hold that an open discussion on the principles of and approaches to establishing the national standards of acceptable health risks should precede the official introduction of these standards into practice in taking decisions on risk management. They criticize the sociostatistical and socioeconomic concepts of risk acceptability as both amoral and impracticable and propose an approach based on the use of the Russian standards of permissible exposure levels (maximum permissible concentrations in particular) and on the exposure-response relationships established by epidemiological studies for the computation of responses (i.e. risk levels) corresponding to the permissible exposures. In some cases that such standards of an acceptable risk are too strict in existing technological or economic practice may be introduced in a stepwise fashion, but the risks that exceed the acceptable level should be compensated for.

["Industrial Hygiene" system as a basis of medical service for workers in Sverdlovsk region]. / Sistema "Meditsina truda" kak osnova meditsinskogo obsluzhivaniia rabotaiushchikh Sverdlovskoi oblasti.

The authors suggest a concept of multifield specialized "Industrial Hygiene" service based on integrated system of medical and social care, that includes monitoring of work conditions, evaluation of occupational risk and its management for prevention of and lowering general and occupational morbidity, transitory disablement morbidity, disability and premature deaths, for preservation of labour force in Sverdlovsk region.

[Rehabilitation for dwellers of ecologically unfavorable territories of Sverdlovsk region]. / Reabilitatsiia zdorov'ia naseleniia na ékologicheski neblagopoluchnykh territoriiakh Sverdlovskoi oblasti.

The article covers organizational and methodic aspects associated with creation of rehabilitation system for dwellers of ecologically unfavorable territories of Sverdlovsk region.

[Providing safe environment for health of population living near aluminium industry enterprises]. / Obespechenie bezopasnosti okruzhaiushchei sredy dlia zdorov'ia naseleniia v raionakh predpriiatii aliuminievoi promyshlennosti.

Based on studies of environmental objects and of children's health, the authors justified systematic approach to hygienic evaluation of aluminium plant reconstruction stages, for rational management in minimizing risk of environmental pollution and for health preservation.