ABSTRACT
The immediate and late outcomes of treatment of acute pulmonary tuberculosis with and without surgical treatments (337 and 271 patients, respectively) were analyzed. The vast majority of patients in both groups were those with caseous pneumonia and fibrocavernous tuberculosis complicated by caseous pneumonia. A complete clinical effect was achieved in 14% of non-operated patients at their discharge, with a hospital mortality of 15.5%. A surgical treatment provided a 6.5-fold early effectiveness with a less (8.6-fold) hospital mortality. In a follow-up periods (up to 11 years), the number of cases of recurrences and progression of tuberculosis in patients in whom surgery was indicated, but non operated cases was 5.7 times higher than that in those radically and arbitrarily radically operated on; 5-, 7-, and 10-year survival rates in the non-operated patients were 1.6, 2.3, and 4.9 times less, respectively (85.7% versus 17.6%).
