ABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the effect of the I(f) channel blocker ivabradine on bronchial patency and the volume parameters of external respiration function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in remission in order to determine whether the drug may be used in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) concurrent with COPD. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Heart rate, bronchial patency, and lung volume were studied by body plethysmography in 59 patients with COPD before and 14 days after administration of ivabradine in a daily dose of 10 mg. RESULTS: The I(f) channel blocker ivabradine that is a highly selective bradycardiac agent fails to affect the velocity and volume parameters of external respiration function, thus it may be used to treat CHD concurrent with COPD. CONCLUSION: The I(f) channel blocker ivabradine exerts no effect on external respiration function parameters (bronchial patency, volume parameters) and it can find clinical use in the treatment of angina pectoris and chronic heart failure in patients with CHD concurrent with COPD.
Subject(s)
Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels/antagonists & inhibitors , Heart Rate/drug effects , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Respiration/drug effects , Aged , Benzazepines/administration & dosage , Benzazepines/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Agents/administration & dosage , Cardiovascular Agents/adverse effects , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Ivabradine , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy , Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Function TestsABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate influence of the treatment with systemic glucocorticoid hormones (SGH) during acute exacerbation of moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on parameters of respiratory function. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 66 patients with severe COPD were included in the study. Airway resistance and lung volumes were measured with plethysmography, lung diffusion capacity - with a single breath method (TLCO SB) and saturation of blood with oxygen was measured with a method of pulseoximetry at admission of patients to a hospital and on day 14 of SGH treatment. RESULTS: Improvement of FEV1 by 26.3%, and a decrease in airway resistance by 44.2% (group 1) were observed only in 20 of 66 patients. In 46 patients improvement of airflow obstruction has not taken place (group 2). Dynamics of lung diffusion capacity and oxygen blood saturation were positive in both investigated groups of patients. TLCO SB has increased by 47.6% in group 1 and by 15.5% in group 2. O2 saturation has increased by 3.2 and 3.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: COPD symptoms attenuation in patients treated with SCH was associated with an increase in lung diffusion capacity and blood oxygen. Parameters of standard spirometry (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC do not reflect positive results of therapy.
Subject(s)
Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy , Pulmonary Ventilation/drug effects , Respiratory Mechanics/drug effects , Acute Disease , Adult , Aged , Blood Gas Analysis , Blood Pressure , Breath Tests , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Female , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Function Tests , Severity of Illness IndexSubject(s)
Sepsis/complications , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Adult , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The patients with croupous and focal pneumonia were examined for the response of systemic hemodynamics (HR, SV, MV, BP, PR) to bicycle ergometry in the acute disease period (after temperature normalization, before discharge from hospital and in 6 months following the clinical recovery). Appreciable disorders of the adaptation mechanisms have been demonstrated. They were especially remarkable in the patients with croupous pneumonia and persisted even after 6 months following the patients' discharged from hospital.
Subject(s)
Hemodynamics , Physical Exertion , Pneumonia/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Adult , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , TemperatureABSTRACT
Patients with thromboembolism of small branches of the pulmonary artery (TESPA) were examined by rheopulmonography (RPG) for the pulmonary blood flow over the zones of thromboembolism and uninvolved parts of the lungs. The study was performed at the initial disease stage, on days 3-7 of the disease and before the patient's discharge from hospital. It was shown that pulmonary circulation undergoes some successive changes. During the first phase, the total vascular hypertension and arterial hypertension of the pulmonary circulation together with occlusion are noted. During the second phase, dilatation of the arterial bed in the healthy zones and normalization of arterial hypertension together with the reduced blood flow in the area of thromboembolism are observed. The convalescence phase is characterized by the recovery of the blood flow in the area of thromboembolism and return of the arterial tone in the pulmonary circulation to normal. RPG permits one to have an objective evaluation of the clinical picture of TESPA and therapy received by the patients.
