Subject(s)
Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Illness/metabolism , Hair/chemistry , Trace Elements/analysis , Urban Population , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Environmental Illness/chemically induced , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Prevalence , Russia , Trace Elements/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Child Day Care Centers , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Social Medicine/methods , Child , Environmental Monitoring/legislation & jurisprudence , Environmental Pollution/adverse effects , Epidemiological Monitoring , Humans , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control , Russia/epidemiology , Social Medicine/legislation & jurisprudenceSubject(s)
Health Status , Life Style , Mass Screening , Child Day Care Centers , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The paper deals with problems in teaching adolescents at different levels of education (medical lyceum--higher educational establishment (HEE)). Their health status, functional changes that can vary with the pattern of training are comprehensively assessed. The school-HEE program was found to be effective as the high progress of lyceum students causes worse health. The students' high process and low morbidity within an academic year is suggestive of their rapid adaptation to HEE studies.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Schools , Adolescent , Age Factors , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Humans , RussiaABSTRACT
Heavy metals are most common pollutants in large industrial cities. Differences were first shown in the distribution of concentrations of toxic and biogenic heavy metals in the hair of children. Zinc and copper had dispersion close to normal values, whereas lead, cadmium, and nickel had asymmetric dispersion. Scales were first developed for rating the levels of heavy metals in the children's hair in cities. A typology of microareas was also first developed by the level of metal pollution. The permanent stay of children in the highly polluted areas causes a high accumulation of lead in the hair and it is a risk factor of morphofunctional abnormalities and chronic diseases.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/analysis , Hair/chemistry , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Age Factors , Cadmium/analysis , Child , Copper/analysis , Humans , Industry , Lead/analysis , Nickel/analysis , Russia , Urban Population , Zinc/analysisABSTRACT
In the past 55 years, the trends in the physical development of school children of a large industrial city have been in agreement with the global ones in the growth and development of children and adolescents. In the past decade, there have been unfavourable tendencies in the physical development of schoolchildren. The physical development of children is an indicator of the social and economic status, living conditions, and the environment. Follow-ups should be an obligatory element of monitoring the population's health.
