[Determination of the transfer of composite obstacle material by a gunshot projectile]. / Ustanovlenie fakta perenosa ognestrel'nym snaryadom veshchestva pregrady iz kompozitnykh materialov.

The aim of the experimental study was to establish the transfer of obstacle's composite material (foamed concrete, magnesite concrete, porcelain stoneware, galvanized sheet steel, wood particle board) by the gunshot projectile on firing by rounds sized 5.45´39 from the special shortened Kalashnikov assault rifle (AKS-74U). The shots were fired through various types of obstacles on different parts of animal carcasses from a distance of 3-5 m. Bullets and their fragments, extracted from the bullet trap or the biological target tissue, after appropriate processing were studied by «Leika M125¼ microscope, «Hitachi FlexSem1000 II¼ scanning electronic microscope and «Bruker Quantax 80¼ energy-dispersive X-Ray spectrometer. The conducted light microscopy of gunshot projectiles' fragments, which had overcome the obstacle, revealed the presence of a specific deformation of the bullet head at its penetration of each type of investigated obstacles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX) have revealed in each case the presence of obstacle particles overlaying over the entire surface of either deformed bullets or their fragments. The performed experimental study has shown that it is possible to establish the fact of person's gunshot injury through a composite obstacle by the use of SEM/EDX.

[Historical aspects, current state and problematic issues of forensic medical examination of a gunshot blunt trauma]. / Istoricheskie aspekty, sovremennoe sostoyanie i problemnye voprosy sudebno-meditsinskoi ekspertizy zapregradnoi ognestrel'noi travmy.

The data of the world literature characterizing the forensic aspects of blunt trauma are generalized and systematized. The issues related to the morphology of damage caused after overcoming an obstacle made of various materials by a bullet, the trajectory of a firearm projectile after overcoming an obstacle, the deformation of a bullet, the transfer of fragments of an obstacle by a bullet, the determination of the distance to the target located behind the damaged barrier, the study of the strength properties of individual human armor protection, the nature of the release of particles of an obstacle. The current state of forensic medical examination of blunt trauma is considered, problems and promising directions of their solution are identified. The importance of using knowledge in the field of theoretical mechanics of deformed solid bodies and high-speed impact interaction of solid bodies is noted.

[Characteristics of the trajectory of projectiles after penetration of biological and non-biological obstacles in shots fired from various types of firearms]. / Kharakteristika traektorii dvizheniya snaryadov posle probitiya biologicheskikh i nebiologicheskikh pregrad pri vystrelakh iz razlichnykh obraztsov ognestrel'nogo oruzhiya.

The purpose of the work was to study the movement trajectory of the projectile after breaking through an obstacle made of various materials installed at various angles to the aiming line when firing from rifled and traumatic weapons. As a result of a series of experimental shots by shells fired from a traumatic pistol «Jorge¼ (9×22 mm RA cartridge with an initial velocity of 300±20 m/s and a bullet weight of 0.7 g) and the Blaser R93 carbine (Norma Jaktmatch 9.3×62 mm hunting cartridge with an initial speed of 765 m/s and a bullet weight of 11 g) it has been found that, when punching both biological simulators and triplex glass located at the angles of 40-60° with respect to the aiming line, a deflection of the firearm from the aiming line is observed.