ABSTRACT
The paper characterizes placental growth factors in the third trimester of pregnancy. The placental expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGFbeta2) was studied in miscarriage after 34-37 weeks pregnancy and during term labor. Chronic placental insufficiency was diagnosed in miscarriage. The expression of VEGF and TGFbeta2 with trophoblast and decidual cells was decreased in miscarriage as compared with that during uncomplicated pregnancy. The growth factors under study are markers of chronic placental insufficiency in third-trimester miscarriage.
Subject(s)
Abortion, Spontaneous/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation , Placental Insufficiency/metabolism , Pregnancy Trimester, Third/metabolism , Transforming Growth Factor beta2/biosynthesis , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/biosynthesis , Abortion, Spontaneous/pathology , Adult , Biomarkers/metabolism , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Placental Insufficiency/pathology , PregnancyABSTRACT
The therapeutic, social and economic aspects of the efficacy of intense preoperative irradiation in combined therapy of breast cancer were analysed. It has been established that preoperative irradiation in the form of the fractionation of a single focal dose of 6 Gy every other day, the summary dose of 24 Gy within 8-10 days followed by surgery 1-3 days after irradiation does not either complicate its performance or the course of the postoperative period, and by the short- and long-term results it is no worse than the routine dose fractionation. Large dose fractionation saves the time of preoperative irradiation (10 days instead of 5-6 weeks), reduces the time of inpatients' stay (56-70 days instead of 90-100 days), enables most of the patients after treatment to resume work 1.2-2 mos. earlier than after the routine dose fractionation. Preoperative irradiation in the form of large dose fractionation reduces the time of treatment, does not change its efficacy and provides for a greater economic effect.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Adult , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Combined Modality Therapy , Costs and Cost Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Preoperative Care/economics , RussiaABSTRACT
93 mutants resistant to 8-azaguanine (AGR-mutants) were derived from the strain of Pichia guilliermondii with blocked guanine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.3.) by UV-irradiation. The mutants retained the ability to uptake 8-azaguanine and guanine but could not deaminate guanine. Some of the AGR-mutants were found to accumulate large amounts of hypoxanthine and small amounts of guanine in the cultural medium. The inhibitory effect of guanine and 8-azaguanine but not adenine on the purine biosynthesis de novo was considerably decreased. It was established observing the rates of 5 amino 4-imidazoleribotide accumulation in purine-requiring AGR-mutants in the presence of different purines. The regulation of the activity and biosynthesis of IMP-dehydrogenase (EC 1. 2. 1. 14) with guanine compounds in AGR-mutants was completely preserved. Under cultivating in iron-rich medium all the AGR-mutants accumulated more riboflavin than the strain H-101 and the wild type strain. That occured as a result of the increase of flavinogenesis velocity in AGR-mutants during late logarithmic and negative growth acceleration phases. Some of mutants also synthesized more riboflavin in iron-deficient medium. Depression of riboflavine synthetase was not observed in the iron-rich cells of AGR-mutants.
