Patient Safety Incidents in Operating Rooms Reported in the Past Five Years (2017-2021) in Korea.

Purpose: Patient safety incidents in the operating room require special attention because they can cause catastrophic and irreversible conditions in patients. Although patient safety incidents have different characteristics, there may be similarities and patterns of risk factors that may be common. Therefore, this study analyzed factors associated with the PSIs by analyzing data from the Korean Patient Safety Reports from 2017 to 2019. Methods: The "Patient Safety Incidents Data from 2017 to 2021" systematically collected by the Korea Institute for Healthcare Accreditation, include patient safety incident reports from medical institutions. Data on 1140 patient safety incidents in the operating room were analyzed. They included patients' gender and age, Hospital size, Incident seasons, incident time, Incident reporter, incident type, Medical department, and Incident severity. The Incident severity was analyzed by dividing it into three stages: near miss, adverse event, sentinel event, which are applied by domestic medical institutions. Results: The highest number of OR patient safety incidents were related to surgery and anesthesia. On analyzing the probability of adverse events based on near misses, the significant variables were patient gender, incident reporter, incident type, and Medical department. Additionally, the factors that were likely to precipitate sentinel events based on near misses were patient gender, incident time, reporter, and incident type. Conclusion: To prevent sentinel events in Patient safety incidents, female and during night shifts are required to pay close attention. Moreover, it is necessary to establish a patient safety reporting system in which not only all medical personnel, but also patients, generally, can actively participate in patient safety activities.

The Relationship between Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity in the Mental Health of Korean Cancer Survivors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-perceived health and physical activity on the mental health of cancer survivors using the 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. The study included 378 participants aged 19 years or older who had been diagnosed with cancer, selected from the participants of the 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Our questions included self-perceived health status, physical activity (aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening exercise, walking and sedentary time), and mental health (depression, stress). The statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA), and a complex sample analysis was performed using weights according to the KNHANES raw data usage guidelines from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The results of the data analyses showed that cancer survivors with self-perceived good health showed eight times lower levels of stress and five times lower levels of depression. In addition, the stress of cancer survivors with self-perceived good health was measured as about two times lower during the walking exercise. The depression index was measured as lower in the case of the walking exercise than in the case of the non-walking exercise. In conclusion, to manage depression and stress in cancer survivors, it is recommended to regularly monitor their subjective health condition, encourage positive evaluations of their health, and suggest continued participation in activities such as walking.

The association between body image perception and metabolic syndrome in normal-weight adults.

AIM: This study analyzed the association between metabolic syndrome and its components according to body image perception in normal-weight adults. BACKGROUND: Management of chronic diseases that are the main cause of death in Korea is essential. The representative cause of the increase in these chronic diseases is metabolic syndrome, and preventing it is essential for chronic disease management. METHODS: For data analysis, this study used data from Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES-VII), 2016-2019. A total of 6479 survey respondents with normal BMI, aged 19 to 64 years old, were finally selected for analysis. Analysis was performed separately for men and women because gender-dependent differences were observed in the self-perceived body image types (underestimation, congruence, and overestimation groups). The incidence and risk of metabolic syndrome-related indicators according to body image perception were analyzed. RESULTS: As a result, it was found that men tending toward underestimation had lower prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome and women tending toward overestimation had higher prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: This suggests that even individuals with the same BMI can have effects on the prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome depending on their body image perception. This allows the conclusion that subjective body image perception can function as a supplementary predictor of metabolic syndrome.

The effect of sleep disturbance on the association between work-family conflict and burnout in nurses: a cross-sectional study from South Korea.

BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances can lead to work-family conflicts and affect the mental health of nurses. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of sleep disturbance on the association between work-family conflict (WFC) and burnout in nurses. METHODS: Responses to a questionnaire from 156 nurses working in a hospital in South Korea were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analysis and PROCESS Macro Model 4 were used to analyze the mediating effect of sleep disturbance on the relationship between WFC and burnout. A bootstrapping approach was used to test the statistical significance of the indirect parameter effects. RESULTS: The WFC of nurses had a positive correlation with sleep disturbance and burnout. Moreover, sleep disturbance completely mediated the association between WFC and burnout. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing administrators should pay careful attention to WFCs that interfere with nurses' sleep and reduce their sleep quality, and design suitable working schedules that minimize the effects of WFC. In addition, hospital administrators should improve shift scheduling to ensure good sleep quality and reduce the health effects of WFC among nurses.

Effects of Recreational Physical Activity on Abdominal Obesity in Obese South Korean Adults.

This study investigated the effects of general characteristics, health behaviors, and level of physical activity on abdominal obesity in obese adults (BMI (body mass index) ≥ 25 kg/m2) using data from the seventh period (2016-2018) of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We also prepared basic data on the improvement and management of abdominal obesity. The participants were 2343 obese adults (men, 1338; women, 1005) from the KNHANES. Factors relevant to abdominal obesity in obese Korean women were general characteristics (age, marital status, occupation, education, and menopause) and health behaviors (time for recreational physical activities and energy intake). In men, these factors tended to be health behaviors, including time spent on leisure physical activity, and sitting. It was found that over 600 Mets/week of recreational physical activity for both adult men and women reduced the incidence of abdominal obesity after adjusting for general characteristics and health behaviors (odds ratio (95% CI); men 0.69 (0.51-0.92); women, 0.61 (0.40-0.94)). Therefore, to prevent or improve abdominal obesity in obese adults in Korea, it is necessary to consider general characteristics and health behaviors according to sex. In addition, maintaining a physical activity rate of over 600 Mets/week is also recommended.

Development of a Tool for Measuring Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention Behaviors of Intensive Care Unit Nurses.

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) lengthens intensive care unit (ICU) stays and increases medical expenses and mortality risk. Aim: We aimed to develop and validate a tool for measuring VAP prevention behaviors among ICU nurses. Method: This is a methodological study that included a tool development step, based on the procedure suggested by DeVellis, and a tool verification step. Results: Through a literature review and focus interviews, 35 preliminary items were selected. After a content validity examination by experts and a pre-test, 30 items were chosen for this study. In the testing phase of the main survey, the final version tool was used on 452 ICU nurses to assess validity and reliability. From factor analysis, 7 factors and 17 items were selected. The factors included aspiration prevention, ventilator management, oral care, suction system management, subglottic suction, spontaneous awakening trials and spontaneous breathing trials, and standard precautions. The total determination coefficient was 71.6%. These factors were verified using convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity tests. Internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach's α = 0.80); thus, the VAP prevention behavior measurement tool was proven valid and reliable. Conclusions: This tool can be used with ICU nurses to measure behaviors associated with VAP prevention and, in turn, VAP prevention measures can be improved.

Effects of Subjective Health Perception on Health Behavior and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Patients with Prediabetes and Diabetes.

The purpose of this study is to confirm the health behavior performance rate and cardiovascular disease-related indicators according to the subjective health perception of prediabetic and diabetic patients using the 2016-2019 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. This study classified hemoglobin A1c ≥ 6.5% as diabetes and 5.7-6.4% prediabetes among 2485 adults over 40 years of age among the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In addition, subjective health perception was divided into 'good' and 'bad' and then cross-classified into four groups (Good/PDM, Bad/PDM, Good/DM, and Bad/DM) to analyze the differences between the four groups. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA), and complex sample analysis was performed using weights according to the KNHANES raw data usage guidelines from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The rate of subjective health awareness was higher in men than in women in both prediabetic- and diabetic-stage subjects and adults in the prediabetic stage were higher than in the elderly. The better the subjective health status, the higher the ratio of normal weight, proper sleep time, exercise, and eating out among health-related behaviors. As a result of analyzing blood pressure and blood indices related to the cardiovascular disease risk (Framingham Risk Score), in all indicators except blood pressure, the better the subjective health status and the lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. As a result, for disease prevention and continuous management through healthy behaviors in prediabetic and diabetic patients, it is necessary to improve the positive subjective perception of health.