ABSTRACT
The study of the detailed molecular history of cancer development is one of the most promising techniques to understand and fight this diverse and prevalent disease. Unfortunately, this history is as diverse as cancer itself. Therefore, even with next-generation sequencing techniques, it is not easy to distinguish significant (driver) from random (passenger) events. The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was formed to solve this fundamental issue by coordinating the sequencing of samples from 50 different cancer types and/or sub-types that are of clinical and societal importance. The contribution of Spain in this consortium has been focused on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This approach has unveiled new and unexpected events in the development of CLL. In this review, we introduce the approaches utilized by the consortium for the study of the CLL genome and discuss the recent results and future perspectives of this work (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Genome, Human , Mutation , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods , Sequence Analysis, DNA/trends , Spain , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/geneticsABSTRACT
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES: To compare handrim biomechanics recorded during overground propulsion with those recorded during propulsion on a motor-driven treadmill. SETTING: Biomechanics laboratory. METHODS: In all, 28 manual wheelchair users propelled their own wheelchairs, at a self-selected speed, on a low-pile carpet and on a wheelchair accessible treadmill. Handrim biomechanics were recorded with an OptiPush instrumented wheelchair wheel. RESULTS: Across the two conditions, all handrim biomechanics were found to be similar and highly correlated (r>0.85). Contact angle, peak force, average force and peak axle moment differed by 1.6% or less across the two conditions. Although not significant, power output and cadence tended to be slightly higher for the treadmill condition (3.5 and 3.6%, respectively), owing to limitations in adjusting the treadmill grade. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, a motor-driven treadmill can serve as a valid surrogate for overground studies of wheelchair propulsion.
