ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The main symptom of fibromyalgia (FM) is diffuse pain. There is currently no aetiological treatment for FM. However, all pain associations and best practice guidelines strongly advocate the practice of aerobic physical activity to improve the symptoms of FM subjects. The mechanisms of dysfunctional pain are mostly central and related to stress axis dysfunction (autonomic nervous system and corticotropic axis). Our main objective is to assess the efficacy of a specific training programme on endogenous pain control mechanisms in female patients with FM. Further aims include rebalancing the autonomic neurovegetative system, improving quality of life and sleep quality, and reintegrating patients into society and work. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: 110 female patients with FM diagnosed on American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria, aged 18-65 years and meeting inclusion conditions will be recruited and randomised into two groups (active and semiactive). The training programme will consist of three 45 min sessions per week of supervised, individualised physical activity over 2 years. Only the intensity of the exercises will differ between the two groups (moderate intensity vs low intensity).All outcome measures will be conducted at baseline (T0), after 6-9 months of training (T6-9) and after 24 months of training (T24). The primary endpoint will be an improvement of pain modulation (activation of diffuse noxious inhibitory control) evaluated by the stimulation test. The secondary endpoint will be relief of pain, anxiety, depression, stress, sleep disorders, pain impact on life quality, and improved heart rate, blood pressure and salivary cortisol. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study is approved by the Committee for the Protection of Persons West VI. The results will be published in specialised scientific journals and will be presented at scientific meetings on pain and/or physical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02486965; Pre-results.
Subject(s)
Exercise Therapy/methods , Fibromyalgia/therapy , Pain Management/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pain Measurement , Quality of Life , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Chronic facial muscle pain is a common feature in both fibromyalgia (FM) and myofascial (MF) pain conditions. In this controlled study, a possible difference in the mode of deregulation of the physiological response to a stressing stimulus was explored by applying an acute mental stress to FM and MF patients and to controls. The effects of the stress test were observed on pain, sympathetic variables, and both tonic and reflex electromyographic activities of masseteric and temporal muscles. The statistical analyses were performed through a generalized linear model including mixed effects. Painful reaction to the stressor was stronger (P < .001) and longer (P = .011) in FM than in MF independently of a higher pain level at baseline. The stress-induced autonomic changes only seen in FM patients did not reach significance. The electromyographic responses to the stress test were strongest for controls and weakest for FM. The stress test had no effect on reflex activity (area under the curve [AUC]) or latency, although AUC was high in FM and latencies were low in both pain groups. It is suggested that FM is characterized by a lower ability to adapt to acute stress than MF. PERSPECTIVE: This study showed that an acute psychosocial stress triggered several changes in 2 pain conditions including an increase in pain of larger amplitude in FM than in MF pain. Similar stress-induced changes should be explored as possible mechanisms for differentiation between dysfunctional pain conditions.
Subject(s)
Facial Pain/psychology , Fibromyalgia/psychology , Masticatory Muscles/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Adult , Aged , Blood Pressure/physiology , Electromyography , Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology , Female , Heart Rate/physiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Pain Measurement , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Cutaneous sensory neuropathy manifests as multiple, sharply demarcated areas of hypoesthesia with a variable degree of pain. This rare neuropathy is caused by a multifocal infection or inflammation of the small sensory nerves of the skin. We report a case in a patient with febrile arthritis and eosinophilia. Her chronic cough and the presence of extravascular infiltrates of eosinophils in a neuromuscular biopsy specimen suggested Churg-Strauss syndrome. The course was favorable under corticosteroid therapy.
