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1.
Tech Coloproctol ; 22(2): 89-95, 2018 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29340832

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) as a treatment for congenital faecal incontinence (FI). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with congenital FI who had SNM surgery at our institution between October 2005 and June 2013. An initial percutaneous nerve evaluation was performed, and patients with an improvement of more than 50% in their symptoms had permanently implants for SNM treatment. RESULTS: There were 4 patients who received a permanent implant. Mean duration of follow-up was 67.5 months (range 45-135 months). At last follow-up, 2 patients maintained significant improvement with SNM, 1 was explanted after 4 years of treatment due to infection but remained asymptomatic and SNM failed in the remaining patient who went on to graciloplasty. CONCLUSIONS: SNM may be of value for treating FI in patients with anorectal malformations.


Subject(s)
Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Electrodes, Implanted , Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Anal Canal/abnormalities , Anal Canal/innervation , Anal Canal/surgery , Fecal Incontinence/congenital , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lumbosacral Plexus/surgery , Male , Retrospective Studies , Sacrum/innervation , Sacrum/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
2.
Rev. psiquiatr. infanto-juv ; 30(1): 49-54, ene.-mar. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-113060

ABSTRACT

Introducción: A pesar de que la fluoxetina es un fármaco de eficaz en el tratamiento del trastorno depresivomayor (TDM), el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC) y el trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG), un porcentaje de pacientes no responden al tratamiento. Objetivo: Determinar si los niveles plasmáticos de fluoxetina a las 8 y 12 semanas del inicio del tratamiento se correlacionan con la mejoría clínica del paciente. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron todos los adolescentes diagnosticados de TDM, TOC y TAG, que iniciaron fluoxetina entre junio y diciembre de 2011. Para determinar la mejoría clínica se administraron las escalas CDI, SCARED, OCI y CGI a las semanas 0, 8 y 12 y la escala UKU para evaluar efectos secundarios al tratamiento. La correlación de Spearman se usó para establecer la relación entre las variables. Resultados: Participaron 18 pacientes. El 66,6% fueron diagnosticados de TDM, 16,7% de TAG y 16,7% de TOC. En la semana 8, los niveles plasmáticos de fluoxetina se correlacionaron de forma positiva con la puntuaciónen la UKU (rho de Spearman 0,48 p= 0,044) y con mayor disminución en la puntuación del CGI (rho de Spearman 0,56 p= 0,014). A las 12 semanas, los niveles plasmáticos de fluoxetina se correlacionaron de forma positiva con la puntuación en la UKU (rho de Spearman 0,49; p=0,038) y con mayor disminución en la puntuación en la escala CGI (rho de Spearman 0,58; p=0,011). Conclusiones: Los niveles plasmáticos de fluoxetina se relacionan con la aparición de síntomas secundarios al tratamiento y con mejoría clínica (AU)


Introduction: Although luoxetine is a useful drug in the treatment of major depression disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsory disorder (OCD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in adolescents, a percentage of the patients do not respond to treatment. Aim: Determine if clinical improvement is related to plasma concentration of luoxetine at 8 and 12 weeks after starting treatment.Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in children and adolescents treated with luoxetine and with diagnoses of MDD, OCD, or GAD. The period of recruitment was from June to December 2011. To assess clinical improvement CDI, SCARED, OCI and CGI scales were administered at weeks 0, 8, 12. UKU scale was administered to assess side effects of treatment. Spearman’s Rank correlation coeficient was used to assess relationship between two variables. Results: The sample was 18 patients. 66% diagnosed MDD, 16,7% GAD and 16,7% OCD. At week 8, a significant linear correlation between plasmatic concentrations of luoxetine and side effects (measured by UKU scale) was found (Spearman’s rank correlation coeficient= 0.48 p= 0.044) and between plasmatic concentrations of luoxetine and punctuation at CGI scale (Spearman’s rank correlation coeficient= 0.56 p= 0.014). At week 12, a signiicant linear correlation between plasmatic concentrations of luoxetine and side effects was found (Spearman’s rank correlation coeficient= 0.49 p= 0.038) and between plasmatic concentrations of luoxetine and punctuation at CGI scale (Spearman’s rank correlation coeficient= 0.58 p= 0.011). Conclusions: The side effects were related to plasmatic concentrations of luoxetine and clinical improvement (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Fluoxetine/pharmacokinetics , Panic Disorder/drug therapy , Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/drug therapy
5.
Rev Neurol ; 35(10): 959-63, 2002.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12436400

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychological performance in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its association with disfunctions in neuroanatomic structures and clinical symptoms of disorder has been reviewed. DEVELOPMENT: OCD symptoms and different aspects between children and adult psychopatology are presented. Briefly neurobiologic studies related with the etiology and patophisiology of OCD has been revised. This article summarizes some last studies about OCD cognitive functioning and its impairment. CONCLUSION: The more impaired cognitive functions in OCD are executive functions and visual abilities, specially non verbal memory. In addition, other studies have identified verbal memory deficits. These deficits are consistent with neurodevelopmental models, which hypothesizes that abnormalities of ventral prefrontal striatal and thalamic circuits may be involved in the etiology and patophisiology of OCD. The cognitive deficits could be functioning as a intermediate variable between neurobiological abnormalities and OCD symptoms. More studies are needed to analize the OCD cognitive impairment.


Subject(s)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/physiopathology , Adult , Child , Cognition , Humans , Memory , Neuropsychological Tests
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(10): 959-963, 16 nov., 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22324

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo. En este artículo se revisan algunas de las últimas investigaciones sobre el funcionamiento neuropsicológico del trastorno obsesivocompulsivo (TOC), con relación a las estructuras neuroanatómicas alteradas y los síntomas clínicos del trastorno. Desarrollo. Se describen los síntomas clínicos del TOC, así como aspectos diferenciales de la psicopatología entre niños y adultos. A continuación se revisan brevemente las bases biológicas implicadas en la etiopatogenia del trastorno. El núcleo del trabajo consiste en la revisión de los últimos trabajos acerca de las funciones cognitivas y sus alteraciones en los pacientes diagnosticados de TOC. Conclusión. Se ha determinado que las funciones cognitivas afectadas con mayor frecuencia en el TOC son las ejecutivas y las aptitudes visuoespaciales, especialmente la memoria no verbal. Últimamente diversos estudios también han hallado evidencias de alteraciones en el funcionamiento de la memoria verbal. Estos déficit son compatibles con los actuales modelos del neurodesarrollo, que hipotetizan la existencia de alteraciones en circuitos frontoestriatales y talámicos implicados en la etiología y patofisiología del trastorno, mientras que las alteraciones cognitivas actuarían como una variable intermedia entre las alteraciones neurobiológicas y la fenomenología del trastorno. A pesar de que los conocimientos de las funciones cognitivas en el TOC han aumentado en los últimos años, se requieren más estudios para aclarar las contradicciones y ambigüedades aún existentes (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Adult , Humans , Memory , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Cognition , Neuropsychological Tests
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