[Unusual localization of granulosa cell tumor]. / Localización poco habitual de un tumor de células granulosas.

OBJECTIVE: To present a case of granular cell tumor with an uncommon localization. METHODS: A 38-year-old patient presented with a painless nodule 10 mm in diameter on the scrotum that he had noted two years earlier. RESULTS: The tumor was surgically excised. Pathological analysis demonstrated a granular cell tumor that was strongly positive for protein S-100 and negative for cytokeratin AE1-AE3 and CEA. CONCLUSIONS: Granular cell tumors are very frequent in the head and neck, but rare in the genitourinary region and are asymptomatic. Histological diagnosis is simple but should be confirmed by protein S-100 staining, which is positive in all cases. Treatment is by simple excision of the lesion. Tumor recurrence and metastasis have been reported, therefore follow-up is necessary.

[Blind ureter diagnosed through hematuria]. / Uréter ciego diagnosticado a través de una hematuria.

Blind ureter is a rare and incidental condition that, alike other congenital diseases, can be associated to other urological malformations. This papers presents one case report of a blind ureter diagnosed as a result of a apparent anaemic haematuria from the left renoureteral system due to unspecific diffused pyelitis.

[Cysts of median raphe]. / Quistes de rafe medio.

Middle raphe cysts are very uncommon lesions in the daily clinical practice and can go unnoticed based on their size. We contribute two cases where a quick growth is seen over the last few months. Their histological origin is discussed using specific staining and immunohistochemical techniques.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra in men after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Is prophylactic urethrectomy indicated?

A retrospective study of the incidence and clinical course of transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra is reported. Of 110 consecutive male patients who underwent cystectomy during a 9-year period, 9 had or developed a urethral tumour. Five patients undergoing radical cystectomy had known or suspected urethral involvement which was confirmed at urethrectomy. All 5 had deeply invasive (T3 or T4) transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder and subsequently died of metastatic disease. Four patients underwent urethrectomy because of signs or symptoms of urethral recurrence at an average interval of 2.5 years after cystectomy. There were two deaths in this group, neither of which appeared to be due to urethral recurrence. Six additional patients had undergone prophylactic urethrectomy because of prostatic urethral involvement or diffuse carcinoma in situ in the cystectomy specimen, and none had identifiable tumour in the anterior urethra. The residual urethra is a potential focus for recurrent tumour and this necessitates careful follow-up with serial cytology, but the low incidence of urethral recurrence (3.5% in this series) does not appear to warrant routine urethrectomy at the time of cystectomy.