ABSTRACT
Long-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as the eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, have been linked to human health in all stages of life, from fetal development to aging. These PUFAs act as precursors for various metabolites involved in the prevention of certain diseases. The recognizable effects of these supplements prior to pregnancy (oocyte maturation), during pregnancy (improvement in the risk of premature delivery, among others) and in the offspring (in terms of cognitive function and the approach to neurodevelopmental disorders) are described in the present narrative review. We concluded that the diffusion of these supplements may improve the prognosis of these patients in a simple, effective way, and with high safety rates.
Os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPIs) ômega-3 (n-3) de cadeia longa, como os ácidos eicosapentaenoico e docosa-hexaenoico, têm sido associados à saúde humana em todas as etapas da vida, do desenvolvimento fetal ao envelhecimento. Esses AGPIs atuam como precursores de vários metabólitos envolvidos na prevenção de algumas doenças. Os efeitos reconhecíveis desses suplementos antes da gravidez (maturação dos oócitos), durante a gravidez (melhora do risco de parto prematuro, entre outros) e nos descendentes (em termos de função cognitiva e abordagem dos distúrbios do neurodesenvolvimento) são apresentados nesta revisão narrativa. Concluiu-se que a difusão desses suplementos pode melhorar o prognóstico desses pacientes de maneira simples, eficaz, e com altas taxas de segurança.
Subject(s)
Breast Feeding , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Nutritional Requirements , Female , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
Abstract Long-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as the eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, have been linked to human health in all stages of life, from fetal development to aging. These PUFAs act as precursors for various metabolites involved in the prevention of certain diseases. The recognizable effects of these supplements prior to pregnancy (oocyte maturation), during pregnancy (improvement in the risk of premature delivery, among others) and in the offspring (in terms of cognitive function and the approach to neurodevelopmental disorders) are described in the present narrative review. We concluded that the diffusion of these supplements may improve the prognosis of these patients in a simple, effective way, and with high safety rates.
Resumo Os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPIs) ômega-3 (n-3) de cadeia longa, como os ácidos eicosapentaenoico e docosa-hexaenoico, têm sido associados à saúde humana em todas as etapas da vida, do desenvolvimento fetal ao envelhecimento. Esses AGPIs atuam como precursores de vários metabólitos envolvidos na prevenção de algumas doenças. Os efeitos reconhecíveis desses suplementos antes da gravidez (maturação dos oócitos), durante a gravidez (melhora do risco de parto prematuro, entre outros) e nos descendentes (em termos de função cognitiva e abordagem dos distúrbios do neurodesenvolvimento) são apresentados nesta revisão narrativa. Concluiu-se que a difusão desses suplementos pode melhorar o prognóstico desses pacientes de maneira simples, eficaz, e com altas taxas de segurança.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Breast Feeding , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Nutritional RequirementsABSTRACT
Combined vaginal rings (ethinylestradiol (EE)/desogestrel), indicated for contraception, are highly effective, comparable to other combined hormonal contraceptives, such as pills. In addition to this benefit, vaginal rings are easy to use, with a probable lower risk of forgetting, due to their non-daily, monthly schedule. Besides, for users with poor gastric tolerance to oral formulations, they represent a method with safety and comparable extraconceptive benefits. The latest generation rings have a novel polymeric structure, do not need special storage methods and do not generate accelerated initial release of EE, reducing the early increased systemic exposure to the synthetic steroids they contain. This review describes main aspects related to its use, efficacy, and safety for contraceptive purposes.
