ABSTRACT
This study examined the sexual orientation of 30 young adult children of lesbian and gay parents, analyzing three dimensions (sexual behavior, sexual attraction and sexual self-identification), their evolution over time and the possible influence of gender (19 women and 11 men). Sexual orientation was measured using KSOG. The results revealed that most participants defined themselves as heterosexual only, although percentages varied between 87% for sexual behavior to 67% for sexual attraction and 60% for sexual self-identification. Gender differences were found for sexual attraction and self-identification, with men having a polarized profile (responses at both ends of the scale) and women reporting a less exclusive and more fluid sexuality. These findings are discussed in light of the complex nature of sexual orientation, the freedom of these young adults for defining their sexual orientation, and the role played by gender and family experiences.
Subject(s)
Homosexuality, Female , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Young Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Sexual Behavior , Heterosexuality , ParentsABSTRACT
Growing up in vulnerable conditions has an impact on children and adolescents' mental health and well-being outcomes. However, this evidence has rarely been obtained in middle and low-income countries like Guatemala, where food insecurity and exposure to violence frequently threaten childhood development. The aim of this study was to analyse the relations that sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors have with psychological adjustment of low-socioeconomic status (SES) Guatemalan children and adolescents, and how these relations were mediated by food insecurity and exposure to violence. A total of 185 participants (50.8% girls; aged between 6 to 17, M = 11.82, SD = 3.7) from three vulnerable schools located in rural and urban areas of Guatemala were assessed. The results indicated that exposure to violence significantly moderates the effect of sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables in measures of depression, anxiety and health-related quality of life. Adolescents more exposed to violence reported higher levels of depression and anxiety, as well as lower levels of health-related quality of life. In contrast, food insecurity did not seem to influence psychological adjustment outcomes in this low-SES sample. These findings highlight the relevance of exposure to violence for mental health and well-being, and is a factor that should be considered when designing public health policies to promote children and adolescents' welfare.
Subject(s)
Exposure to Violence , Mental Health , Quality of Life , Social Class , Adolescent , Child , Female , Guatemala/epidemiology , HumansABSTRACT
La incorporación de la parentalidad positiva al trabajo con familias ha supuesto la adopción de un enfoque de intervención proactivo y capacitador que sitúa los programas de educación parental en el ámbito de la prevención y promoción como punta de lanza en el apoyo a las familias, para que cumplan adecuadamente las tareas relacionadas con el cuidado y la educación de sus hijos e hijas. En este trabajo se describe el programa Apego, una iniciativa de carácter psicoeducativo dirigida a promover la parentalidad positiva desde el contexto sanitario en el ámbito de la promoción y prevención primaria. A la luz de las características del programa, se discuten sus fortalezas y debilidades según los estándares de calidad actuales en el trabajo con familias
The inclusion of a positive parenting approach in family support has translated into the stimulus of active and strengthening interventions, placing preventive and promoting parent education programmes as valuable initiatives in supporting families regarding their childrearing tasks. In this paper, the programme Apego (Attachment in English) is described. This is a psychoeducational program aimed at enhancing positive parenting from health services at a preventive level. From Apego programme characteristics, its strengths and weakness are discussed according to current quality standards in family support area
Subject(s)
Humans , Parenting/psychology , Reinforcement, Psychology , Family Therapy/methods , Family/psychology , Object Attachment , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Family Health/trends , Family Relations/psychologyABSTRACT
Las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales en materia de promoción de parentalidad positiva reconocen la necesidad de apoyar a las familias para un ejercicio adecuado de sus funciones educativas, particularmente a aquellas que se encuentran situaciones de riesgo psicosocial. Estas recomendaciones sitúan a los servicios municipales como las instituciones idóneas para garantizar dicho apoyo. En este trabajo se presenta el Programa de Promoción de Parentalidad Positiva en Polígono Sur (5Ps), una iniciativa de carácter psicoeducativo y comunitario que surge, fundamentalmente, por la necesidad de disponer de materiales y recursos específicos para familias que, por su situación de particular vulnerabilidad, por sus propios valores culturales, así como por las particularidades del barrio en el que habitan (una zona de necesidad de transformación social), no se beneficiarían de otros programas ya existentes. A lo largo de este trabajo se describen los contenidos del programa, su estructura y el diseño de evaluación previsto y se discuten sus fortalezas y retos futuros
Both national and international recommendations on positive parenting recognize the need for supporting families in their childrearing tasks, particularly in psychosocial-risk situations. These recommendations highlight local services as the best source to support families. In this paper the Program for Promoting Positive Parenting in Polígono Sur (5Ps) is described. 5Ps is a psycho-educational and community initiative starting from the need for specific materials for vulnerable families because of: (1) their psychosocial profile, (2) their cultural values; (3) living in a neighborhood with at-risk conditions. The contents, the format and the evaluation design of the program are introduced. Strengths and future challenges are discussed
Subject(s)
Humans , Parenting/psychology , Reinforcement, Psychology , Family Therapy/methods , Family Relations/psychology , Psychosocial Deprivation , Risk Groups , Risk Assessment , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Cultural Factors , Parent-Child RelationsABSTRACT
En este artículo se pretende conocer el efecto en las familias homoparentales españolas de la aprobación del matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo en 2005. Se entrevistó a 66 familias, encabezadas por parejas de lesbianas (48) o de gays (18), que llevaban juntas al menos desde 2004 y tenían hijos o hijas menores de edad en común. Se buscaba evaluar su grado de apertura (coming out) y la aceptación que percibían en distintos contextos antes y después de la legalización del matrimonio, con el objetivo de saber si se vieron influidos por ello. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, tras aprobarse la ley, aumentó tanto el grado de apertura como la aceptación percibida en todos los contextos estudiados (amistades, familia y ámbito laboral). Los datos se relacionan con la literatura científica y se discuten a la luz de sus implicaciones para el desarrollo de políticas de integración de las familias homoparentales
This article intends to know the effect on Spanish homoparental families of the approval of same sex marriage in 2005. We interviewed 66 same-sex families either made of gay fathers (18) or lesbian mothers (48) that were together at least since 2004 and had children under 18. The aim was to evaluate each context in relation with the degree of coming out before and after the marriage approval with the purpose of understanding whether there were any differences. The obtained results indicate that both coming out and acceptance increased after the law was approved in those three areas in which it was analyzed: among their friendships, at workplace and with their families. The data are related to scientific literature and are discussed in the light of their implications for the development of homoparental family integration policies
Subject(s)
Humans , Family Characteristics , Marriage/trends , Homosexuality/psychology , Adoption/psychology , Marriage/legislation & jurisprudence , Adoption/legislation & jurisprudence , Anxiety/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Self Concept , Interview, Psychological , Psychometrics/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
En este estudio se presenta la validación de una escala elaborada para evaluar los estilos educativos parentales de madres y padres según la percepción de sus hijos adolescentes. El instrumento se aplicó a una muestra de 848 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 17 años, quienes también cumplimentaron el Youth Self Report, una escala de satisfacción vital y otra de consumo de sustancias. La realización de análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios reveló una estructura factorial de 6 dimensiones tanto en el estilo materno como en el paterno. Estas dimensiones mostraron una relación muy significativa con la mayoría de medidas de ajuste adolescente consideradas. La comparación de las percepciones que chicos y chicas tenían del estilo materno y del paterno reveló que, a pesar de la gran concordancia percibida entre ambos estilos, unos y otras concedieron puntuaciones más altas a sus madres en cada una de las dimensiones del estilo educativo
This study presents the validation of a scale that was elaborated to assess maternal and paternal parenting styles according to the perception of their adolescent children. The scale was applied to a sample composed by 848 adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years old, that also filled out the Youth Self Report, a life satisfaction scale and a substance use questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a six factors structure for maternal and also for paternal parenting style. These dimensions showed significant relationships with most of the measures of adolescent adjustment considered in the study. Comparisons between boys and girls perceptions of paternal and maternal parenting styles revealed that, in spite of the high agreement between both styles, mothers were scored higher than fathers in every dimension of parenting style
