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1.
Maputo; s.n; S.n; Jun. 2015. 89 p. Tab, Graf, ilus, Mapas.
Thesis in Portuguese | RSDM | ID: biblio-1026032

ABSTRACT

A infecção pelo HBV é um problema de saúde pública em muitos países, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Esta infecção pode levar à doença crónica hepática, a cirrose e câncer do fígado. A co-infecção com oHIV, tem agravado o peso da doença pois esses vírus compartilham o mesmo modo de transmissão e ambos são endémicos na África Subsahariana. Moçambique é um país endémico para infecção por hepatite B crónica. No entanto, há pouca informação disponível sobrea frequência de infecção pelo HBV entre indivíduos infectados por HIV. Um total de 618 pacientes ambulatórios adultos infectados pelo HIV, foramconsecutivamente recrutados entre Setembro de 2013 e Fevereiro de 2014 no Centro de Saúde de Polana Caniço na cidade de Maputo. Todos os pacientes foram testados para infecção activa pelo HBV no local com um teste rápido, determine HBsAg (Alere, Japão). Vinte mililitros de sangue venoso de cada paciente foram colhidos e usados para determinar os marcadores sorológicos (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc total, HBeAg e anti-HBe) usando kit MP Diagnostics 4.0, Singapore. Amostras HBsAg reactivas foram novamente testadas usando kit de ELISA tipo sanduíche para HBsAg. O Anti-HBs, anti-HBc total, HBeAg e anti-HBe, foram determinados utilizando um ELISAde tipo sanduíche. As amostras HBsAg negativas e anti-HBc positivas foram testadas para HBV DNA usando PCR em tempo real para diagnosticar infecção oculta pelo HBV. PCR em tempo real foi realizado utilizando COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS® TaqMan® HBV Teste, v2.0 (Roche Diagnostics, Alemanha). A imunofenotipagem das células TCD4+ foi realizada utilizando PIMA, o hemograma foi realizado usando SYSMEX KX 21 em amostras de sangue fresco. A alanina aminotransferase foi determinada usando SELECT JUNIOR em amostras de soro fresco. No presente estudo, 68.1% dos participantes eram do sexo feminino e a idade média entre homens e mulheres foi 38.5 anos. A prevalência do HBsAg foi de 7.4% (IC 95%:4.4 ­11.2). O HBV DNA foi detectado em 80,0% (37/46) das amostras positivas para o HBsAg e em 8,7% (18/206) das amostras anti-HBc positivas, resultando em uma taxa de infecção pelo HBV oculto de 8,7 %. Entre os pacientes com contagens de CD4 <200 células/uL 7.3% (n = 21) foram co-infectados com HBV e HIV. O nosso estudo mostrou uma frequência relativamente alta de infecção pelo HBV entre indivíduos infectados pelo HIV. Assim, é recomendado o rastreio de HBV em indivíduos infectados pelo HIV para uma melhor optimização do tratamento antiretroviral nos pacientes.


Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is considered a major health concern in both developed and undeveloped countries. This infection can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has aggravated the burden of the disease as these viruses share the same mode of transmission and both are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Mozambique is an endemic country for chronic hepatitis B infection. However, little information is available on the frequency of HBV infection among HIV infected individuals. A total of618 HIV infected outpatient adults were consecutively recruited between September 2013 and February 2014 in Polana Caniço Health Center, Maputo city. All patients were screened for active HBV infection (HBsAg) at the site with a rapid test, Determine HBsAg (Alere, Japan). Twenty milliliters of venous blood were collected from each patient and used to determine anti-HBs, anti-HBc total, anti-HBe and HBeAg serological markers. HBsAg reactive samples were retested using the sandwich HBsAg ELISA-kit MP Diagnostics 4.0, Singapore. Anti-HBs, anti-HBc total anti-HBe, HBeAg testing were also performed using a sandwich ELISA-kit MP Diagnostics 4.0, Singapore. HBsAg negative but anti-HBc positive samples were screened for HBV DNA using real-time PCR to diagnose occult HBV infection. Real time PCR was performed using COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS® TaqMan® HBV Test, v2.0 (Roche Diagnostics, Germany).CD4+ cells immunophenotyping was performed using PIMA on fresh blood samples. Full blood count was performed using SYSMEX KX 21and alanine aminotransferase was determined by using SELECT JUNIOR on fresh blood specimens. In this study, 68.1% of participants were women and the mean age among men and women was 38.5 years. The prevalence of HBsAg was 7.4% (95% CI 4.4 ­11.2). HBV DNA was detected in 80.0% (37/46) of HBsAg positive samples, and 8.7% (18/206) anti-HBc positive samples, resulting in an occult HBV infection rate of 8.7%. Among patients with CD4<200 cells/uL, 7.4% (n = 21) were co-infected with HBV and HIV. Our study showed a relatively high frequency of active HBV infection among HIV infected individuals. So is recommended screening of HBV in individuals infected by the HIV for better optimization of treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Wasting Syndrome , Infections , Mozambique , Viruses , Blood , Humans , Public Health , Health Policy , Hepatitis
2.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. 89 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | RSDM | ID: biblio-1007265

ABSTRACT

A infecção pelo HBV é um problema de saúde pública em muitos países, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Esta infecção pode levar à doença crónica hepática, a cirrose e câncer do fígado. A co-infecção com o HIV, tem agravado o peso da doença pois esses vírus compartilham o mesmo modo de transmissão e ambos são endémicos na África Subsahariana. Moçambique é um país endémico para infecção por hepatite B crónica. No entanto, há pouca informação disponível sobre a frequência de infecção pelo HBV entre indivíduos infectados por HIV. Um total de 618 pacientes ambulatórios adultos infectados pelo HIV, foram consecutivamente recrutados entre Setembro de 2013 e Fevereiro de 2014 no Centro de Saúde de Polana Caniço na cidade de Maputo.


Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is considered a major health concern in both developed and undeveloped countries. This infection can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has aggravated the burden of the disease as these viruses share the same mode of transmission and both are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Mozambique is an endemic country for chronic hepatitis B infection. However, little information is available on the frequency of HBV infection among HIV infected individuals. A total of 618 HIV infected outpatient adults were consecutively recruited between September 2013 and February 2014 in Polana Caniço Health Center, Maputo city.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatitis B virus , HIV , Coinfection , Morbidity , Mozambique
3.
Rev. saúde pública ; 47(5): 890-896, out. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-700223

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in patients infected with HIV/AIDS and the association of demographic and social variables. METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study that included the analysis of sociodemographic data and laboratory findings of 200 patients infected with HIV/AIDS treated in a laboratory unit in Maputo, Mozambique, in 2010. Individual data for all participants were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Plasma samples were tested for IgG testing of anti- T. gondii using hemagglutination for the analysis of antibodies. RESULTS The seroprevalence of IgG anti- T. gondii was 46.0% (95%CI 39.2;52.9), 39.3% (95%CI 29.5;50.0) in men and 50.9% (95%CI 41.9;59.8) in women, with no difference between sex (OR 1.30; 95%CI 0.95;1.77; p = 0.12). Ages ranged from 10 to 60 years, with a higher prevalence of infection in older age groups, but with no significant difference between them. Regularly consuming cattle meat (OR 1.74; 95%CI 1.04;2.89, p = 0.05), breeding cats/dogs (OR 6.18; 95%CI 3.60;10.62, p < 0.000) and having regular contact with soil (OR 3.38; 95%CI 2.19;5.21; p < 0.000) were significantly associated with risk of latent infection. CONCLUSIONS Toxoplasmosis is an infection with high prevalence in Mozambique. Cultural and behavioral aspects increase the risk. Toxoplasmosis can be responsible in our environment by the great burden of morbidity and mortality associated with meningoencephalic injuries in patients with HIV/AIDS. .


OBJETIVO Evaluar la prevalencia de anticuerpos IgG anti- Toxoplasma gondii en personas infectadas por VIH/SIDA y la asociación de variables demográficas y sociales. MÉTODOS Estudio transversal que incluyó el análisis de datos sociodemográficos y de laboratorio de 200 personas infectadas por VIH/SIDA, atendidas en unidad de laboratorio en 2010 en la Provincia de Maputo, Mozambique. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de cuestionario auto llenado por todos los participantes. Para el análisis de anticuerpos, las muestras de plasma colectadas fueron confirmadas para evaluación anti- T. gondii por hemaglutinación. RESULTADOS La seroprevalencia de IgG anti- T. gondii fue de 46% (IC95% 39,2;52,9), 39,3% (IC95% 29,5;50,0) en hombres y de 50,9% (41,9-59,8%) en mujeres, sin diferencia entre sexo (OR 1.30; IC95% 0.95;1.77; p = 0.12). La edad varió de 10 a 60 años, con mayor prevalencia de infección en grupos etarios más ancianos, pero sin haber diferencia significativa entre ellos. Consumir carne de ganado bovino regularmente (OR 1,74; IC95% 1,04;2,89, p = 0,05), poseer cria de gatos/perros (OR 6,18; IC95% 3,60;10,62, p < 0,000) y tener contacto regular con la tierra (OR 3,38; IC95% 2,19;5,21, p < 0,000) estuvieron significativamente asociados al riesgo de infección latente. CONCLUSIONES La infección por toxoplasmosis presenta alta prevalencia en la población de Mozambique, cuyo riesgo se amplía por los aspectos culturales y de comportamiento. La toxoplasmosis puede ser responsable por la gran carga de morbi-mortalidad asociada a lesiones meningoencefálicas en personas con VIH/SIDA en el país. .


OBJETIVO Avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos IgG anti- Toxoplasma gondii em pessoas infectadas pelo HIV/Aids e a associação de variáveis demográficas e sociais. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal que incluiu a análise de dados sociodemográficos e laboratoriais de 200 pessoas infectadas por HIV/Aids, atendidas em unidade laboratorial em 2010 na Província de Maputo, Moçambique. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário autopreenchido por todos os participantes. Para a análise de anticorpos, amostras de plasma coletadas foram confirmadas para testagem de IgG anti- T. gondii por hemaglutinação. RESULTADOS A soroprevalência de IgG anti- T. gondii foi de 46,0% (IC95% 39,2;52,9), 39,3% (IC95% 29,5;50,0) em homens e de 50,9% (IC95% 41,9;59,8) em mulheres, sem diferença entre sexo (OR 1.30; IC95% 0.95;1.77; p = 0.12). A idade variou de 10 a 60 anos, com maior prevalência de infecção em grupos etários mais idosos, mas sem haver diferença significativa entre eles. Ter consumo regular de carne de gado bovino (OR 1,74; IC95% 1,04;2,89, p = 0,05), possuir criação de gatos/cães (OR 6,18; IC95% 3,60;10,62, p < 0,000) e ter contato regular com a terra (OR 3,38; IC95% 2,19;5,21, p < 0,000) estiveram significativamente associados ao risco de infecção latente. CONCLUSÕES A infecção por toxoplasmose apresenta alta prevalência na população de Moçambique, cujo risco amplia-se pelos aspectos culturais e comportamentais. A toxoplasmose pode ser responsável pela grande carga de morbimortalidade associada a lesões meningoencefálicas em pessoas com HIV/Aids no país. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mozambique/epidemiology , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis
4.
Rev Saude Publica ; 47(5): 890-6, 2013 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24626493

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in patients infected with HIV/AIDS and the association of demographic and social variables. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study that included the analysis of sociodemographic data and laboratory findings of 200 patients infected with HIV/AIDS treated in a laboratory unit in Maputo, Mozambique, in 2010. Individual data for all participants were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Plasma samples were tested for IgG testing of anti- T. gondii using hemagglutination for the analysis of antibodies. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of IgG anti- T. gondii was 46.0% (95%CI 39.2;52.9), 39.3% (95%CI 29.5;50.0) in men and 50.9% (95%CI 41.9;59.8) in women, with no difference between sex (OR 1.30; 95%CI 0.95;1.77; p = 0.12). Ages ranged from 10 to 60 years, with a higher prevalence of infection in older age groups, but with no significant difference between them. Regularly consuming cattle meat (OR 1.74; 95%CI 1.04;2.89, p = 0.05), breeding cats/dogs (OR 6.18; 95%CI 3.60;10.62, p < 0.000) and having regular contact with soil (OR 3.38; 95%CI 2.19;5.21; p < 0.000) were significantly associated with risk of latent infection. CONCLUSIONS: Toxoplasmosis is an infection with high prevalence in Mozambique. Cultural and behavioral aspects increase the risk. Toxoplasmosis can be responsible in our environment by the great burden of morbidity and mortality associated with meningoencephalic injuries in patients with HIV/AIDS.


Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mozambique/epidemiology , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis , Young Adult
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