Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Arousal , Job Satisfaction , Personal Satisfaction , Humans , Naval MedicineABSTRACT
Thirty U.S. Navy divers were tested for 4 personality and 2 demographic variables. They subsequently were exposed to the stress of being pressurized in a small diving chamber for several hours. Stress responsiveness to this condition was assessed using 3 physiologic and 4 subjective emotionality measures before and after the dive. These physiologic and emotionality measures were factor analyzed and correlated with personality and demographic variables. Difference scores among the physiologic and emotionality measures, indicating responsiveness to stress, correlated significantly with education, diving experience, internality-externality, disinhibition, and socialization. These data indicate that measures of achievement (i.e., diving experience and education), perceived control, sensation seeking, and social adjustment are useful in accounting for individual differences in acute emotional and physiologic responsiveness to stressful diving conditions.
Subject(s)
Diving , Personality , Stress, Physiological/psychology , Adult , Blood Pressure , Educational Status , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Pain/psychology , Regression Analysis , Stress, Physiological/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The detection of serum antibodies (Ab) against HTLV-III in individuals with AIDS and related symptoms (ARC) has unambiguously defined the association of the virus infection to AIDS. This study was done to determine the extent of exposure to HTLV-III in homosexual men by measuring (Ab) and relating it to the stage of disease and T cell subsets. We found Ab in 89.5% of the 492 men with the median titers by stage of disease being 1600 for symptom-free, 6400 for ARC or Kaposi's sarcoma, and 4800 for opportunistic infection (OI), respectively. There was no correlation between Ab titers and either absolute or relative T helper cells (T4+), even though these cells decreased with disease severity. More specifically, however, symptom free patients had a normal distribution of the helpers of suppression (T4+/Leu8+), whereas, in symptomatic men, there was a significant decrease suggesting that the target cell for the virus is a subpopulation of the T helper cell.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Deltaretrovirus/physiology , Homosexuality , T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/classification , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology , Deltaretrovirus/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , HIV Antibodies , Humans , Male , Sarcoma, Kaposi/immunology , Sarcoma, Kaposi/microbiology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/classificationABSTRACT
Verbal, nonverbal, demographic, and eye-hand laterality measures were administered to a sample of 34 Navy recruits attending a remedial reading program and 53 recruits who were members of a regular recruit company. Verbal intelligence scores (as determined by the General Classification Test) differentiated best between the remediation and non-remediation groups. Race (being non-Caucasian) was also associated positively with the need for reading remediation. Reading achievement within the remedial group was related positively to race (being non-Caucasian). These results indicate that low intelligence and cultural factors may account for deficient reading performance among Navy recruits. The results also show that, while self-reported measures of laterality may not be especially useful in screening for remedial readers, these measures may nontheless serve to identify neuropsychological factors that may underlie the condition.
