ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that most often affects the lungs, caused by human-to-human transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Peritoneal tuberculosis is an extra-pulmonary form of the disease that usually manifests as an ascitic syndrome, with or without fever, in a context of altered general condition, often in endemic areas. The diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis is not always easy, as the clinical signs are often insidious and unspecific. We report a case of peritoneal tuberculosis in an 18-year-old female, who had presented for 10 days with a progressive increase in abdominal volume associated with vomiting and diarrhoea.
ABSTRACT
Appendicitis, typically caused by appendiceal lumen obstruction, is a prevalent abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. While most cases involve Enterobacterales, Haemophilus influenzae, primarily known for upper respiratory infections, is infrequently associated with gastrointestinal infections. This article presents an exceptional case of acute appendicitis caused by both Haemophilus influenza and Enterobacter cloacae in a 15-year-old child, highlighting the significance of recognizing uncommon pathogens in appendicitis and emphasizing the necessity for thorough microbiological investigations to refine diagnostic approaches.
ABSTRACT
Respiratory viruses are the most involved pathogens in acute respiratory infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, new elements have been brought to this topic, especially at the diagnostic and therapeutic level. The objective of this work is to describe the epidemiology of respiratory viruses in patients admitted to the Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat during a period characterized by the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a retrospective study from January 1 to December 31. We included all patients treated for acute respiratory infection and for whom a multiplex respiratory panel PCR was requested. Virus detection was performed using a FilmArray RP 2.1 plus BioFire multiplex respiratory panel. The study population was relatively adults with a mean age of 39 years. The sex ratio M/F was 1.20. The survey revealed a high prevalence of 42.3% of patients hospitalized in the adult intensive care unit whose respiratory distress was the most common reason for hospitalization (58%). The positivity rate was 48.1%. This rate was higher in the pediatric population 83.13% compared to adults 29.7%. Monoinfection was found in 36.4% of cases, and codetection in 11.7% of cases. This survey revealed that a total of 322 viruses were detected, HRV being the most incriminated virus (48.7%), followed by RSV in 13.8% of patients. Considering the five most detected viruses in our study (HRV, RSV, PIV3, ADV, and hMPV), we found that the incidence was significantly higher in the pediatric population. SARS-CoV-2 was detected only in adult's population. In our study, we found that influenza A and B viruses, PIV2, MERS, and all bacteria were not detected by this kit during the study period. Regarding the seasonal distribution, RSV and hMPV showed a significantly high incidence during autumn and summer and SARS-CoV-2 and CoV OC43 showed a high peak during winter. In this study, we found a lack of detection of influenza virus and a shift in the usual winter peak of RSV to the summer, while the detection of ADV and HRV was less affected. This difference in detection could be due on the one hand to the difference in stability between enveloped and nonenveloped viruses and on the other hand to the escape of certain viruses to the different sanitary measures introduced after the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic. These same measures were effective against enveloped viruses such as RSV and influenza viruses. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has modified the epidemiology of other respiratory viruses, either directly by viral interference or indirectly by the preventive measures taken.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We report a case of a patient with immunoglobulin A multiple myeloma associated with a masked kappa light chain. Serum immunofixation showed a monoclonal band in the IgA heavy chain lane without corre-spondence with the light chain and a monoclonal band in total kappa light chain lane without correspondence with the heavy chain. METHODS: To distinguish between heavy chain disease and immunoglobulin with "masked" light chains, two tubes containing the patient's serum were incubated with a very high concentration of anti-total kappa and anti-total lambda antisera for 48 hours at 4°C in order to facilitate immunoprecipitation of the involved light chain. After centrifugation, the supernatant was analyzed by using the IFs method on the Hydrasys 2 Scan Focusing Sebia® without dilution. Then we applied the anti-IgA, anti-total kappa and anti-total lambda antisera. RESULTS: The serum immunofixation test of the sample treated with a high concentration of anti-total kappa showed the disappearance of the monoclonal bands corresponding to IgA heavy chain lane and kappa light chain lane, indicating that precipitation had occurred and that the IgA did have kappa light chains that could not be detected by the standard immunofixation protocol. The serum immunofixation test of the sample treated with anti-total lambda showed the disappearance of the polyclonal background in lambda light chain lane, confirming that the precipitation with lambda light chains according to the previously mentioned protocol has done well. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates some of the difficulties encountered and the corrective actions that can be taken for the detection of immunoglobulins with masked light chains.
