[Keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica (arc eye)]. / Photokératoconjonctivite par coup d'arc.

Photokeratitis is a painful keratitis caused by exposure of insufficiently protected eyes to the ultraviolet (UV) rays. We talk about "arc eye" when photokeratitis is caused by UV rays emitted by electric arc during electric arc welding process. We here report the case of a 35-year old rider, with no previous medical-surgical history, who had looked at an electric arc for a few minutes while the doors of his building were welded. He had bilateral burning in his eyes associated with lacrimation, photophobia and blepharospasm. Clinical examination showed corrected visual acuity of 8/10 and 9/10, conjunctival hyperemia with punctate erosive keratitis limited to palpebral fissure after the use of fluorescein. Given patient's clinical picture, keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica (arc eye) was diagnosed. Treatment was based on topical antibiotics, wetting agents as well as agents with healing properties. Outcome was marked by total disappearance of the signs with restoration of bilateral visual acuity (10/10). This study highlights the role of prevention using appropriate protection equipment.

Œdème papillaire isolé révélant une sarcoïdose oculaire: Isolated papillary edema revealing ocular sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorders of unknown cause, characterised by the presence of epithelioid granulomas and giant-cell granulomas without caseous necrosis. Ocular sarcoidosis mainly manifests as bilateral anterior granulomatous uveitis. The involvement of the posterior segment in patients with ocular sarcoidosis is rare and manifests as periphlebitis or choroidal invasion. Isolated papillary edema is uncommon; hence the peculiarity of our case study. Posterior involvement is a prognostic indicator of poor outcome, threatening visual acuity. Early management, in close cooperation with pneumologists and based on systemic corticosteroid therapy, improves visual outcome and reduces complications.

Direct carotid-cavernous fistula: an atypical presentation.

Posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is a very rare complication that can occur in patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma. It is defined by abnormal communication between arteries and veins located in the cavernous sinus. CCFs can be divided into two groups: direct, which are usually post traumatic and classically with a high flow and acute onset of symptoms. On the other hand, indirect CCFs are in the most of cases idiopathic and typically insidious of onset. The aim of the present case report is to describe an atypical presentation of direct CCF characterized by the insidious onset of symptoms with the goal to think about this rare complication and so not to delay the treatment which is an emergency in this case.

Moyamoya disease in a Moroccan baby: a case report.

BACKGROUND: A stroke in a baby is uncommon, recent studies suggested that their incidence is rising. Moyamoya disease is one of the leading causes of stroke in babies. This condition is mostly described in Japan. In Morocco, moyamoya disease has rarely been reported and a few cases were published. We report a rare Moroccan case of a 23-month-old baby boy who presented with left-sided hemiparesis and was diagnosed as having moyamoya disease. CASE PRESENTATION: A 23-month-old full-term Moroccan baby boy born to a non-consanguineous couple was referred to our hospital with the complaint of sudden onset left-sided hemiparesis. On neurological examination, there were no signs of meningeal irritation, his gait was hemiplegic, tone was decreased over left side, power was 2/5 over left upper and lower limb, and deep tendon reflexes were exaggerated. Preliminary neuroimaging suggested an arterial ischemic process. Clinical and laboratory evaluation excluded hematologic, metabolic, and vasculitic causes. Cerebral angiography confirmed the diagnosis of moyamoya disease. Our patient was treated with acetylsalicylic acid 5 mg/kg per day and referred to follow-up with pediatric neurosurgeon. Cerebral revascularization surgery using encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis was performed. At 8-month follow-up, his hemiparesis had improved and no further ischemic events had occurred. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the importance of considering moyamoya disease to be one of the classic etiologies of acute ischemic strokes in children from North Africa. It also emphasizes the rare presentation among the African population and the use of neurovascular imaging techniques to facilitate diagnosis of moyamoya disease.