ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Worker wellbeing is known to positively impact both the employer organization and the employee. However, the hardship inherent to military life may hinder the achievement of satisfactory levels of worker wellbeing. In this study we aim to address whether psychological capital, work satisfaction and health self-perception are able to predict psychological wellbeing in a military population. METHOD: A descriptive, correlational study was performed using a cohort of 492 Spanish soldiers by applying multiple linear regression. The resulting regression array between the variables psychological capital, work satisfaction and health self-perception was used to predict psychological wellbeing. RESULTS: A positive, significative correlation was detected between the variables psychological capital, work satisfaction and health self-perception and psychological wellbeing, altogether explaining up to 53% of the variance of the latter. The most important predictor was psychological capital, responsible for 80% of the predictive power. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the significant predictive power of psychological capital over individuals’ wellbeing, the development of programs aimed at enhancing psychological capital may have a positive outcome on military personnel’s psychological wellbeing.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , Job Satisfaction , Military Health , Military Personnel/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Health , Middle Aged , Spain , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Empirically supported psychological treatments (ESTs) have demonstrated their effectiveness and clinical utility for the treatment of anxiety disorders (AD) but few studies have assessed the factors associated with premature termination in ESTs for AD. METHOD: The goals of this study, which involved 291 patients with a diagnosis of anxiety who had received outpatient psychological care, consisted of examining premature termination of treatment (PTT), comparing the individual characteristics of the patients who successfully completed treatment with those who terminate it prematurely, and analyzing the predictors of PTT. RESULTS: Of the sample, 8.2% refused to start treatment, 28.5% dropped out before completing it, and 63.2% successfully completed treatment. In 50% of the cases, PTT occurred during the first 7 sessions, and in 80%, before the 15th session. Alternatively, 76.4% of the patients who complete treatment successfully do so before session 20. We found that patients with PTT attended a significantly lower number of treatment sessions and attended the sessions more irregularly and unpunctually. Presenting a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), problems with punctuality and with task performance were predictors of failure to complete treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest the need to reinforce early adherence to treatments to help patients remain in treatment.
Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders/therapy , Psychotherapy , Treatment Refusal , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias entre los casos de corta (5-10 sesiones), media (10-18 sesiones) y larga duración (más de 18 sesiones) en variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de tratamiento. Se analizaron los datos de 349 pacientes de la Clínica Universitaria de Psicología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CUP-UCM), que habían terminado el tratamiento con éxito. El número de técnicas aplicadas durante la intervención fue la variable más discriminativa, seguida por la comorbilidad -haber recibido un tratamiento anterior- número de tratamientos anteriores y número de objetivos establecidos antes de la intervención. Los resultados señalan la importancia de identificar las técnicas más eficaces para cada problema u objetivo para reducir, en la medida de lo posible, la duración de las intervenciones sin disminuir su eficacia.
The aim of this study was to analyze differences among cases of short (5-10 sessions), medium (11-18 sessions) and long term (more than 18 sessions) in sociodemografic, clinical and treatment variables. Data from 349 patients of the Clínica Universitaria de Psicología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CUP-UCM), who had successfully completed treatment, were analyzed. Number of intervention techniques was the most significant variable, followed by comorbidity, previous treatment, number of previous treatments and number of therapeutic objectives. The results indicate the importance of identifying which techniques are more effective for each problem or objective in order to reduce, as far as possible, the extension of the treatment without decreasing its effectivity.
Subject(s)
Psychology, Clinical , PsychotherapyABSTRACT
La fobia social es uno de los trastornos más prevalentes y por los que más se demanda atención psicológica. Se estudió la efectividad de los tratamientos psicológicos en una Clínica Universitaria de Psicología. Demandaron asistencia por fobia social 71 pacientes. La media de sesiones de evaluación fue de 3,8 y de tratamiento 16,1. El porcentaje de altas fue del 64,2%, de bajas el 11,3% y de abandonos el 24,5%. Los tamaños del efecto (d) obtenidos a partir de la Escala de Evitación y Malestar Social (SAD) y de la Escala de temor a la evaluación Negativa (FNE) fueron del 1,96 y 1,78, respectivamente. Al comparar estos resultados con los estudios de eficacia (en especial meta-análisis) se constató que la efectividad del tratamiento alcanza valores similares a los de eficacia en estudios de investigación. Se defiende la utilidad de generalizar a la clínica asistencial los tratamientos desarrollados en el ámbito de la investigación (AU)
Social phobia is one of the most common disorders and one that requires the most attention from psychological clinics. The aim of this article was to study the effectiveness of psychological treatments in a University Psychological Clinic. Seventy-one social phobia patients requested psychological assistance. The average number of assessment sessions was 3.8 and the average number of treatment sessions was 16.1. Therapeutic success reached 64.2%, withdrawal percentage was 11.3%, and drop-out percentage was 24.5%. The effect size (Cohens d) achieved in the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD) and Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNE) were 1.96 and 1.78, respectively. Comparing these results with efficacy research (particularly meta-analysis), it has been shown that the treatment effectiveness achieved is very similar. It is concluded that cognitive behavioural treatments for social phobia can be transferred from research settings to clinical practice (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Phobic Disorders/diagnosis , Phobic Disorders/psychology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Community Psychiatry/methods , Phobic Disorders/epidemiology , Phobic Disorders/rehabilitationABSTRACT
Social phobia is one of the most common disorders and one that requires the most attention from psychological clinics. The aim of this article was to study the effectiveness of psychological treatments in a University Psychological Clinic. Seventy-one social phobia patients requested psychological assistance. The average number of assessment sessions was 3.8 and the average number of treatment sessions was 16.1. Therapeutic success reached 64.2%, withdrawal percentage was 11.3%, and drop-out percentage was 24.5%. The effect size (Cohen's d) achieved in the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD) and Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNE) were 1.96 and 1.78, respectively. Comparing these results with efficacy research (particularly meta-analysis), it has been shown that the treatment effectiveness achieved is very similar. It is concluded that cognitive behavioural treatments for social phobia can be transferred from research settings to clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Phobic Disorders/therapy , Psychotherapy , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
Psychopathological characteristics of female victims of intimate partner violence. Intimate partner violence has caused much social alarm. Knowing the characteristics and problems of the female victims of this type of violence is necessary to be able to provide adequate psychological attention. This is the purpose of the present study. We studied a sample of 212 women who had been exposed to a situation of intimate partner violence, were remitted by diverse institutions of the Community of Madrid, and who were evaluated by the same procedure. The results contribute data about the social-demographic characteristics and the history of violence, which resemble those obtained in previous investigations. Regarding psychopathological variables, there was a lower incidence of posttraumatic stress and a higher incidence of depression. The presence of some concomitant variables was observed, especially problems of adaptation, low self-esteem, and dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions.
Subject(s)
Mental Disorders/etiology , Spouse Abuse/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
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