ABSTRACT
This research studied the influence of multiple social identities on the emotions that athletes felt toward their teammates/partners and opponents. Athletes (N = 714) from individual and team-based sports reported their identification both as athletes of the sport and as athletes of their club before reporting their precompetitive emotions. The results showed that these multiple social identities influenced precompetitive emotions toward different targets, with higher levels of sport identification associated with increased positive and decreased negative emotions toward opponents and higher levels of club identification associated with increased positive and decreased negative emotions toward teammates/partners, although increased club identification was also associated with more positive emotions toward opponents. These findings extend intergroup emotions theory by showing its suitability and applicability to face-to-face task-oriented teams in sport. Particularly, they highlight the importance of investigating the simultaneous level of multiple social identities, rather than only a dichotomic self-categorization, on group-based emotions experienced toward multiple targets.
ABSTRACT
This research aims to show that the implementation of intergenerational salience at a social level can affect the work context, particularly in hospitals. Participants were 50 voluntary nurses (25 juniors, 25 seniors) working in French hospitals. RepMut Methodology, based on the theories of social categorization and self-categorization, highlights the mutual representations of group relations and allows measurement of the biases of perception and evaluation. The results support the idea that junior/senior self-categorization plays an important role in structuring work relations. Both groups express in-group homogeneity, but also contrast and values consistent with their social group membership. We discuss the benefit of differentiating the levels of analysis in order to acquire an understanding of diversity and its associated effects.
Esta investigación considera el impacto social de las diferencias intergeneracionales en contexto laboral hospitalario. Participaron voluntariamente 50 enfermeros(as) de hospitales públicos franceses (25 junior, 25 senior). La metodología RepMut, basada en las teorías de la categorización social y de la autocategorización, permite evidenciar las representaciones mutuas de las relaciones intergrupales y una fácil medición de sesgos perceptivos y evaluativos. Los resultados muestran que la autocategorización Junior/Senior juega un papel importante en la estructuración de las relaciones laborales. Los participantes expresan un efecto de homogeneidad pro-endogrupo, acentuando el contraste y los valores coherentes con su endogrupo. La discusión aborda la ventaja de diferenciar entre niveles de análisis para adquirir una comprensión de la diversidad y sus efectos asociados.
ABSTRACT
Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators' reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing - the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., & Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366-375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N = 73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.
Subject(s)
Social Identification , Sports/psychology , Adult , Cluster Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Psychology, Sports , Young AdultABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to identify the logic behind a range of statistical methods used to reveal the structure of social representations. Subjects (N = 317) were asked to answer the following question: "For each category of European person, please indicate which other European he would most like to have contact with". The results of the similarity analysis lead us to the conclusion that there is an ethnocentric bias, and reveal the central factor of the representation. The representation obtained by factorial correspondence analysis seems closer to current reality and enables us to understand the divisions that have structured Europe and remained embedded in the subjects. Thus, the choice of analytical method is not merely anecdotal, given that representations obtained from the same data can vary immensely.
Subject(s)
Ethnicity/ethnology , Social Perception , Adult , Europe/ethnology , Humans , Models, Psychological , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to identify the logic behind a range of statistical methods used to reveal the structure of social representations. Subjects (N= 317) were asked to answer the following question: «For each category of European person, please indicate which other European he would most like to have contact with». The results of the similarity analysis lead us to the conclusion that there is an ethnocentric bias, and reveal the central factor of the representation. The representation obtained by factorial correspondence analysis seems closer to current reality and enables us to understand the divisions that have structured Europe and remained embedded in the subjects. Thus, the choice of analytical method is not merely anecdotal, given that representations obtained from the same data can vary immensely (AU)
El objetivo de este estudio es identificar la lógica detrás de una serie de métodos estadísticos utilizados para revelar la estructura de las representaciones sociales. Se solicitó a un número de sujetos (n = 317) responder a la pregunta siguiente: «Para cada categoría de europeo, por favor indique con qué otros europeos le gustaría tener contacto». Los resultados de los análisis de similitud nos llevan a la conclusión de que existe un sesgo etnocéntrico, y revelan el factor central de la representación. La representación obtenida por el análisis factorial de correspondencias se parece más a la realidad actual y nos permite entender las divisiones que han estructurado Europa y permanecen incorporadas en los sujetos. Por lo tanto, la elección del método analítico no es meramente anecdótica, puesto que las representaciones obtenidas a partir de los mismos datos pueden variar enormemente (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Statistics as Topic , Statistics as Topic/methods , Statistics as Topic/organization & administration , Statistics as Topic/trends , Models, Statistical , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Epidemiologic Methods , Principle of Similarity/methods , Principle of Similarity/trendsABSTRACT
Este estudio da cuenta de las razones de los ciudadanos de África subsahariana francófona para establecerse en Europa, y particularmente en Francia, mediante la creación de un marco comprensivo innovador que vincula tres ejes temáticos: la motivación, las migraciones, y África y sus relaciones con Europa. 155 participantes en ambos continentes respondieron a un cuestionario sobre su proyecto migratorio real o posible. Los resultados plantean un plano general de acercamiento a los imaginarios y la realidad de los migrantes en el contexto francés, marcado por la reflexión sobre la identidad nacional, los controles migratorios, un clima político reticente a la migración y un tejido social caracterizado por un creciente multiculturalismo.
This study describes the motivations of citizens of sub-Saharan Africa francophone to establish in France thanks to the creation of an innovative framework for understanding with three key themes: motivation, migration and Africa and their relations with Europe. 155 participants from both continents responded to a questionnaire about their actual or potential migration project. The results presented raise a general plan of approach to reality and imaginary of sub-Saharan African migrants in the French current context, marked by reflection on national identity, immigration and customs controls, a political climate reticent to migration and a social network characterized by a growing multiculturalism.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to carry out a survey and comparative analysis of social representations of physical activity and fruit and vegetables in a sample of young, adult and elderly subjects. Four "urban" areas and four "rural" areas were selected for the purposes of the investigation. The samples used to assess social representations of fruit and vegetables and physical activity included 132 and 153 participants respectively. Verbal association was used and a factorial correspondence analysis was applied to the data. The prevention messages delivered as part of the second national program of nutrition and health were integrated by adult participants. A very limited awareness of the benefits of eating fruit and vegetable was observed in the young population. This study underlines the importance of implementing regular measures for the purposes of qualitative local evaluations that consider the specific characteristics of every age group in order to assess the psychological impact of prevention campaigns.
Subject(s)
Diet , Fruit , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Motor Activity , Vegetables , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , France , Humans , Middle Aged , Rural Population , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to develop a questionnaire to measure adjustment of teenagers at soccer training centers, particularly newcomers. The Soccer Trainee Adjustment Scale was adapted from the Institutional Integration Scale and assesses the trainee's adjustment to operating and social activities. The scale was tested on a sample of 136 trainees from four soccer centers. Exploratory analysis indicated that the 13 items formed five factors: peer adjustment, boarding supervisor adjustment, soccer adjustment, scholastic adjustment, and boarding adjustment. These factors had internal consistency reliability ranging from .76 to .94.
Subject(s)
Soccer/education , Soccer/psychology , Social Adjustment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Educational Status , France , Humans , Peer Group , Personal Satisfaction , Psychology, Adolescent , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Social Behavior , Students/psychology , Students/statistics & numerical data , TeachingABSTRACT
Due to the works of Wann and colleagues, spectators' identification with teams has taken on a central role in the study of sports spectators' thought and behavior. However, no research in this area has measured identification with sports teams in the French context. Two studies attempted to develop a valid and reliable French version of the Sport Spectator Identification Scale (SSIS) developed by Wann and Branscombe in 1993 to measure team identification. In Study 1, 200 physical education students completed a French translation of the SSIS and several questions concerning their involvement, investment, and evaluation of the team's future performance. Results showed that the French translation of the SSIS is a reliable and one-dimensional instrument: strong relationships were found between identification with professional French teams and these variables. In Study 2, 143 physical education students completed the SSIS with a National sport team as the target team. Results confirmed the psychometric properties of the scale and indicated that persons who strongly identify with the National soccer team reported more involvement with the team and were more optimistic about future performances than persons low in identification.
