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1.
Nanotechnology ; 26(50): 505101, 2015 Dec 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26580675

ABSTRACT

Selol is a semi-synthetic compound containing selenite that is effective against cancerous cells and safer for clinical applications in comparison with other inorganic forms of selenite. Recently, we have developed a formulation of poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride)-shelled selol nanocapsules (SPN), which reduced the proliferative activity of lung adenocarcinoma cells and presented little deleterious effects on normal cells in in vitro studies. In this study, we report on the antitumor activity and systemic effects induced by this formulation in chemically induced lung adenocarcinoma-bearing mice. The in vivo antitumor activity of the SPN was verified by macroscopic quantification, immunohistochemistry and morphological analyses. Toxicity analyses were performed by evaluations of the kidney, liver, and spleen; analyses of hemogram and plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, urea, and creatinine; and DNA fragmentation and cell cycle activity of the bone marrow cells. Furthermore, we investigated the potential of the SPN formulation to cause hemolysis, activate the complement system, provoke an inflammatory response and change the conformation of the plasma proteins. Our results showed that the SPN reduced the area of the surface tumor nodules but not the total number of tumor nodules. The biochemical and hematological findings were suggestive of the low systemic toxicity of the SPN formulation. The surface properties of the selol nanocapsules point to characteristics that are consistent with the treatment of the tumors in vivo: low hemolytic activity, weak inflammatory reaction with no activation of the complement system, and mild or absent conformational changes of the plasma proteins. In conclusion, this report suggests that the SPN formulation investigated herein exhibits anti-tumoral effects against lung adenocarcinoma in vivo and is associated with low systemic toxicity and high biocompatibility.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Maleates/administration & dosage , Nanocapsules/administration & dosage , Polyethylenes/administration & dosage , Selenium Compounds/administration & dosage , Adenocarcinoma/ultrastructure , Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity , Body Weight/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Complement System Proteins/metabolism , DNA Fragmentation/drug effects , Female , Inflammation/chemically induced , Lung Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Maleates/chemistry , Maleates/toxicity , Mice , Nanocapsules/chemistry , Nanocapsules/toxicity , Organ Size/drug effects , Polyethylenes/chemistry , Polyethylenes/toxicity , Selenium Compounds/chemistry , Selenium Compounds/toxicity
2.
Brasilia; s.n; 1991. 138 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-139836

ABSTRACT

Estudos citogeneticos relacionados com a idade em camundongos Swiss femeas hiperimunes intactos mostraram aumento da frequencia de macrofgos peritoneais com alteracoes cromossomicas estruturais aos 6 meses e aumento progressivo da frequencia de macrofagos hiperdiploides dos 6 aos 15 meses de idade. Nos animais ooferectomizados, os macrofagos apresentaram estes aumentos aos 2 meses, 30 dias apos a ooferectomia, e dos 6 aos 18 meses, respectivamente. Os resultados evidenciam uma relacao entre alteracoes hormonais e aberracoes cromossomicas nos macrofagos peritoneais. Estas aberracoes cromossomicas nao foram observadas em celulas da medula ossea dos animais intactos e dos ooferectomizados, sugerindo respostas diferentes nos macrofagos peritoneais e seus precurssores na medula ossea.Os antioxidantes acido ascorbico e alfa-tocoferol protegeram os macrofagos peritoneais de camundongos ooforectomizados das aberracoes cromossomicas estruturais, evidenciando papel dos radicais livres no aparecimento das mesmas. Considerando que os estrogenos têm acao antioxidante na peroxidacao lipidica, que o tocoferol é um captador de radicais lipofilicos e que o ácido ascórbico pode ser um regenarador do tocoferol, é provável que as quebras verificadas nos cromossomos dos macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos ooforectomizados resultam de peridoxidacao lipidica. O metotrexato mostrou efeito sinergico com a ooforectomia em relacäo ás alteracöes cromossômicas, e teve este efeito parcialmente suprimido pelo ácido ascórbico, tanto nos animais intactos, como nos ooferectomizados, sugerindo que, além da inibicäo de reparo de DNA, a droga tenha possível acäo através dos radicais livres. O benzonidazol provocou um grande número de delecöes, sobretudo nos macrófagos peritoneais de animais ooferectomizados. Seu efeito foi antagonizado, em grande proporcäo, pelo tocoferol, o que corrobora os dados da literatura em relacäo á atuacäo do benzonidazol através da formacäo de radicais livres. Por serem mais suscetíveis ás alteracöes hormonais e aos tratamentos com drogas que as celulas da medula óssea, conclui-se que os macrófagos säo adequados para estudos dos fenômenos ligados ao envelhecimento, dos mecanismos de inducäo de aberracöes cromossomicas, dos efeitos de drogas e seu modo de acäo, constituindo, assim, importante modelo para investigacöes em citogenetica


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Guinea Pigs , Mice , Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Chromosome Aberrations/immunology , Aging/genetics , Aging/physiology , Cell Migration Inhibition , Cytogenetics/methods , DNA/genetics , DNA/immunology , Macrophages/immunology , Bone Marrow/cytology , Models, Structural , Ovariectomy , Peritoneal Cavity/cytology , Ascorbic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Ascorbic Acid/chemical synthesis , Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/pharmacokinetics , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Chromosome Banding/statistics & numerical data , Chromosome Banding/methods , Free Radicals/antagonists & inhibitors , Orchiectomy
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