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1.
Zootaxa ; 4565(2): zootaxa.4565.2.7, 2019 Mar 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31716480

ABSTRACT

The Nuneztovari Complex of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) comprises four species: An. nuneztovari Gabaldon, An. goeldii Rozeboom Gabaldon, An. dunhami Causey and An. nuneztovari species A. This study aimed to identify morphologically the species of the Nuneztovari Complex that occur in the area of the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam. The morphological identification of adult males and male genitalia (aedeagus and ventral claspette) was performed. A statistical analysis of the difference in aedeagal leaflet length was done using the Mann-Whitney test. Of the 38 male genitalia of specimens of the Nuneztovari Complex examined, 33 were identified as An. goeldii/An. nuneztovari A and five as An. nuneztovari s.s. A statistically significant difference in aedeagal leaflet length was detected between the species: the mean length was 1.23 µm for An. goeldii/An. nuneztovari A and 9.18 µm for An. nuneztovari s.s. This is the first record of An. nuneztovari s.s.in areas of environmental modification in the Brazilian Amazon. This study provides a measurement tool that can identify and differentiate species of the complex in the region, which can be applied to the other species of the complex as well to other anopheline species; thus, fostering the acquisition of information about the role of each species in malaria transmission.


Subject(s)
Anopheles , Malaria , Animals , Brazil , Genitalia, Male , Male
2.
Rev. patol. trop ; 38(2): 93-102, abr.-jun. 2009. tab, graf, mapas
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-524215

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o risco de transmissão de malária humana em áreas de influência do projeto Juruti no período 2006 a 2008. Um total de 976 mosquitos anofelinos foram capturados por atração humana protegida, identificados e processados para determinação de infectividade pelo teste de imunoensaio (ELISA) e, parte deles (10por cento) para taxa de paridade. Para o inquérito hemoscópico, foram feitas duas coletas (setembro/2007 na comunidade Capiranga e invasão Nova Vitória e março/2008 somente na última) utilizando-se o método da gota expressa (GE). Foram identificadas oito espécies de mosquitos anofelinos, com predomínio da espécie An. albitarsis s.l (76,8por cento) cuja taxa de paridade foi de 9,6por cento. A taxa de infecção foi zero para os primeiros dois anos de estudo e de 0,5por cento em 2008, quando um exemplar de An. albitarsis s.l coletado na comunidade de Santa Maria foi positivo para P. vivax-VK247. O índice de picada homem/hora (IPHH) variou de 0,1 a 8,1. Todas as 148 amostras de sangue foram negativas pela GE. Concluiu-se, portanto, que o risco de transmissão de malária na área estudada é baixo, apesar da presença de mosquitos vetores. Contudo, faz-se necessária vigilância permanente por causa, principalmente, do intenso fluxo migratório gerado pelo projeto.


Subject(s)
Anopheles , Communicable Diseases , Malaria/epidemiology , Malaria/transmission , Parity , Brazil/epidemiology
3.
Cad. saúde pública ; 22(8): 1575-1585, ago. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-430922

ABSTRACT

Relato de coletas de anofelinos realizadas em Belém, Pará, Brasil, de 1995 a 2004, comparando os dados obtidos com os de levantamentos anteriores, feitos a partir da década de 1930. Nesses, vinte espécies haviam sido identificadas: Anopheles albitarsis s.l., An. aquasalis, An. argyritarsis, An. braziliensis, An. darlingi, An. eiseni, An. evansae, An. galvaoi, An. intermedius, An. kompi, An. mediopunctatus, An. nimbus, An. nuneztovari, An. oswaldoi, An. peryassui, An. punctimacula, An. shannoni, An. strodei, An. thomasi e An. triannulatus. Sete (An. argyritarsis, An. eiseni, An. galvaoi, An. kompi, An. nimbus, An. punctimacula e An. thomasi) não são agora registradas. A permanência de tantas outras espécies provavelmente decorre da preservação de áreas de mata no âmbito urbano. Duas delas são consideradas de importância vetorial (An. darlingi e An. aquasalis). Esta última continua sendo a de maior densidade nas coletas (46,26 por cento dos adultos e 99,21 por cento das larvas) e é a única registrada em todos os distritos administrativos. Existe, portanto, risco potencial de transmissão de malária em todo o município.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anopheles/classification , Insect Vectors/classification , Brazil , Larva , Malaria/transmission , Population Density , Retrospective Studies
4.
Cad Saude Publica ; 22(8): 1575-85, 2006 Aug.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16832529

ABSTRACT

We present the results of anopheline captures in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from 1995-2004, and a comparison with captures from 1930-1999. In the earlier period, 20 species were identified: Anopheles albitarsis s.l., An. aquasalis, An. argyritarsis, An. braziliensis, An. darlingi, An. eiseni, An. evansae, An. galvaoi, An. intermedius, An. kompi, An. mediopunctatus, An. nimbus, An. nuneztovari, An. oswaldoi, An. peryassui, An. punctimacula, An. shannoni, An. strodei, An. thomasi, and An. triannulatus. Seven of these species were not found in 1995-2004 (An. argyritarsis, An. eiseni, An. galvaoi, An. kompi, An. nimbus, An. punctimacula, and An. thomasi). The persistence of so many species is probably due to the local preservation of forest areas. Two species are of vectorial importance (An. darlingi and An. aquasalis). An. aquasalis is still the most abundant species (46.26% of adults, 99.21% of larvae) and the only one detected in all capture sites. There is thus a potential risk of malaria transmission in the entire municipality of Belém.


Subject(s)
Anopheles/classification , Insect Vectors/classification , Animals , Brazil , Larva , Malaria/transmission , Population Density , Retrospective Studies
5.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(2): 163-8, 2006 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16830709

ABSTRACT

In several districts of Boa Vista, state of Roraima, Brazil we found Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis E to be the primary vector of human malaria parasites, and during 2001-2002 it was significantly more abundant than An. darlingi (p < 0.001). Other species sampled were An. (Nys.) braziliensis, An. (Ano.) peryassui, An. (Nys.) nuneztovari, An. (Nys.) oswaldoi s.l., and An. (Nys.) triannulatus. As determined by the ELISA technique An. darlingi had a higher overall infection rate (2.1%) compared with An. albitarsis E (1.2%). However a marginally higher proportion of An. albitarsis E was infected with Plasmodium vivax compared with An. darlingi, and the An. albitarsis E biting index was also much higher These results suggest the importance of An. albitarsis E in malaria transmission in a savannah ecoregion of northern Amazonian Brazil, and reconfirm the importance of An. darlingi even if at lower abundance.


Subject(s)
Anopheles/parasitology , DNA, Protozoan/analysis , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Malaria/transmission , Plasmodium/isolation & purification , Animals , Anopheles/classification , Brazil , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Humans , Malaria/parasitology , Plasmodium/classification , Plasmodium/genetics , Seasons
6.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(2): 163-168, Mar. 2006. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-430893

ABSTRACT

In several districts of Boa Vista, state of Roraima, Brazil we found Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis E to be the primary vector of human malaria parasites, and during 2001-2002 it was significantly more abundant than An. darlingi (p < 0.001). Other species sampled were An. (Nys.) braziliensis, An. (Ano.) peryassui, An. (Nys.) nuneztovari, An. (Nys.) oswaldoi s.l., and An. (Nys.) triannulatus. As determined by the ELISA technique An. darlingi had a higher overall infection rate (2.1 percent) compared with An. albitarsis E (1.2 percent). However, a marginally higher proportion of An. albitarsis E was infected with Plasmodium vivax compared with An. darlingi, and the An. albitarsis E biting index was also much higher. These results suggest the importance of An. albitarsis E in malaria transmission in a savannah ecoregion of northern Amazonian Brazil, and reconfirm the importance of An. darlingi even if at lower abundance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Anopheles/parasitology , DNA, Protozoan/analysis , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Malaria/transmission , Plasmodium/isolation & purification , Anopheles/classification , Brazil , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Malaria/parasitology , Plasmodium/classification , Plasmodium/genetics , Seasons
7.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 38(2): 202-4, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15821803

ABSTRACT

An entomological survey was conducted in the urban area of Anajás municipality, Para State, in order to verify the risk of malaria transmission. Although the density of Anopheles species was low, the anopheline infectivity rate of 6% demonstrated there is a high risk of infection by the malaria parasites.


Subject(s)
Culicidae/classification , Insect Vectors/classification , Malaria/transmission , Plasmodium/isolation & purification , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Culicidae/parasitology , Disease Outbreaks , Female , Humans , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Malaria/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Urban Population
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 38(2): 202-204, mar.-abr. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-396344

ABSTRACT

Inquérito entomológico transversal foi conduzido na área urbana no Município de Anajás/PA, para verificar o risco de transmissão malárica. Embora a densidade de Anopheles tenha sido baixa, a taxa de infectividade de 6 por cento e o encontro de espécimes positivos em todos os bairros indicam alto risco de contrair a doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Female , Culicidae/classification , Insect Vectors/classification , Malaria/transmission , Plasmodium/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Culicidae/parasitology , Disease Outbreaks , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Malaria/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Urban Population
9.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 97(2): 151-61, 2002 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12016435

ABSTRACT

The epidemiology of the transmission of malaria parasites varies ecologically. To observe some entomological aspects of the malaria transmission in an urban environment, a longitudinal survey of anopheline fauna was performed in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. A total of 7,263 anophelines was collected in human bait at 13 de Setembro and Caranã districts: Anopheles albitarsis sensu lato (82.8%), An. darlingi (10.3%), An. braziliensis (5.5%), An. peryassui (0.9%) and An. nuneztovari (0.5%). Nightly 12 h collections showed that An. albitarsis was actively biting throughout the night with peak activities at sunset and at midnight. An. darlingi bit during all night and did not demonstrate a defined biting peak. Highest biting indices, entomological inoculation rates and malaria cases were observed seasonally during the rainy season (April-November). Hourly collections showed host seek activity for all mosquitoes peaked during the first hour after sunset. An. darlingi showed the highest plasmodial malaria infection rate followed by An. albitarsis, An. braziliensis and An. nuneztovari (8.5%, 4.6%, 3% and 2.6%, respectively). An. albitarsis was the most frequently collected anopheline, presented the highest biting index and it was the second most frequently collected infected species infected with malaria parasites. An. albitarsis and An. darlingi respectively, are the primary vectors of malaria throughout Boa Vista.


Subject(s)
Anopheles/physiology , Feeding Behavior , Insect Vectors/physiology , Animals , Anopheles/classification , Anopheles/parasitology , Endemic Diseases , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Humans , Insect Vectors/classification , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Longitudinal Studies , Malaria/diagnosis , Malaria/epidemiology , Malaria/transmission , Plasmodium/classification , Plasmodium/isolation & purification , Seasons , Urban Population
10.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 97(2): 151-161, Mar. 2002. mapas, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-326275

ABSTRACT

The epidemiology of the transmission of malaria parasites varies ecologically. To observe some entomological aspects of the malaria transmission in an urban environment, a longitudinal survey of anopheline fauna was performed in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. A total of 7,263 anophelines was collected in human bait at 13 de Setembro and Caranä districts: Anopheles albitarsis sensu lato (82.8 percent), An. darlingi (10.3 percent), An. braziliensis (5.5 percent), An. peryassui (0.9 percent) and An. nuneztovari (0.5 percent). Nightly 12 h collections showed that An. albitarsis was actively biting throughout the night with peak activities at sunset and at midnight. An. darlingi bit during all night and did not demonstrate a defined biting peak. Highest biting indices, entomological inoculation rates and malaria cases were observed seasonally during the rainy season (April-November). Hourly collections showed host seek activity for all mosquitoes peaked during the first hour after sunset. An. darlingi showed the highest plasmodial malaria infection rate followed by An. albitarsis, An. braziliensis and An. nuneztovari (8.5 percent, 4.6 percent, 3 percent and 2.6 percent, respectively). An. albitarsis was the most frequently collected anopheline, presented the highest biting index and it was the second most frequently collected infected species infected with malaria parasites. An. albitarsis and An. darlingi respectively, are the primary vectors of malaria throughout Boa Vista


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Anopheles , Insect Vectors , Plasmodium , Anopheles , Brazil , Endemic Diseases , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feeding Behavior , Insect Bites and Stings , Insect Vectors , Longitudinal Studies , Malaria , Plasmodium , Seasons , Urban Population
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