ABSTRACT
Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS syndrome) or the drug hypersensitivity syndrome is a delayed and serious skin disease. It is manifest by a severe skin reaction associated with a severe visceral attack (adenopathy, hepatitis, nephritis, interstitial pneumopathy...) and haematological anomalies (raised hypereosinophilia...). The severe visceral attack is the main cause of death, which is estimated at around 10%. The principal drugs responsible are the aromatic anti-convulsants, sulphamides and minocycline. A large number of cases have been described with phenytoin, more rarely with carbamazepine and phenobarbitone.
Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Drug Eruptions/etiology , Eosinophilia/chemically induced , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Hypersensitivity, Delayed/chemically induced , Phenobarbital/adverse effects , Aged , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/chemically induced , Drug Eruptions/immunology , Edema/chemically induced , Edema/immunology , Eosinophilia/immunology , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Delayed/immunology , SyndromeABSTRACT
Generalised acute exanthematic pustuloses are severe skin reactions that are induced by drugs. These toxidermies are characterised by sudden appearance of a diffuse area of erythema, covered with a scattering of superficial pustules, starting most often on the face and in the folds. Most often, the inducing drugs are the antibiotics, more rarely carbamapezine.