[Patients living with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy diagnosed with lipid and carbohydrate disorders who are at risk of cardio-vascular disease: study conducted at the Medical Centre of the ONG Espoir Vie in Lomé]. / Troubles lipidiques et glucidiques à risque cardio-vasculaires chez les personnes vivant avec le virus d'immunodéficience humaine sous traitement antirétroviral: cas du centre de prise en charge médicale de l'ONG Espoir-Vie-Togo à Lomé.

Antiretroviral drugs are responsible for side effects or undesirable effects. These may include redistribution of adipose tissue and disorders of the lipid or carbohydrate metabolism. Given the growing number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy, it is necessary to assess the frequency of disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients who are on antiretroviral therapy (ARV). Our analysis focused on 493 patients with HIV/AIDS and on ARV treated in the Medical Centre of the ONG Espoir Vie Togo, Lomé. Paraclinical data such as blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were studied. The study showed the following anomalies: hypercholesterolemia, LDL hypercholesterolemia, HDL-hypocholesterolemia were found in 41.4%, 23.5% and 17.4% of patients respectively. The incidence of hyperglycemia was 12.4%. It is important to note that the incidence of lipido carbohydrate disorders was higher in patients receiving treatment schedule including protease inhibitors. The study also highlighted that 31.2% of patients with disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were overweight or obese. The incidence of these disorders differs depending on whether patients were under triple therapy including protease inhibitors or not.

[Knowledge, attitudes, and practices relative to the risk of transmission of hepatitis B and C viruses in a hospital in Togo]. / Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques du personnel soignant sur le risque de transmission des hépatites virales B et C en milieu hospitalier au Togo.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, the attitudes, and the practices of hospital nursing staff in relation to the infectious risks of the hepatitis B and C viruses. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive survey conducted at the Lome Campus Teaching Hospital among the nursing staff present during at least one of the 2 consecutive workdays of the survey. RESULTS: The total nursing staff included 190 people, 115 (60.5%) of whom participated in the investigation. Slightly more than three-fifths were men (61.7%). Their mean age was 37.9 ± 10.7 years. The contaminated materials encountered most often were blood (94.8%), needle-drawn fluids (77.4%), and biopsy samples (53.9%). Staff most often did not comply with protective measures: 75.5% did not use gloves regularly and 46.0% did not use bibs. More than one third of the nursing staff (34.8%) had had such a needle-stick or related accident, but only 8.8% had reported them: 74.2% because of the potential administrative difficulties and 25.8% because of ignorance (25.8%). Staff knowledge about the means of transmission of these viruses was good (98.3%). The vaccination coverage rate of the nurses questioned was 51.3%. CONCLUSION: Training and awareness campaigns about the occupational risks of HBV and HCV remain necessary.