[Macular edema caused by contraction of the posterior hyaloid in diabetic retinopathy. Surgical treatment of a series of 22 cases]. / Oedèmes maculaires induits par la contraction de la hyaloïde postérieure dans la rétinopathie diabétique. Traitement chirurgical sur une série de 22 cas.

We have observed some patients with diabetic macular edema who did not respond to grid laser treatment and who improved with spontaneous posterior vitreous detachment or vitrectomy. These cases have a taut and glistening vitreo-macular interface. Three such cases are presented in detail. Pars plana vitrectomy with separation of the posterior hyaloid was performed in 22 cases. All of them had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, previously treated by panretinal photocoagulation. Fourteen cases had an ineffective macular grid laser treatment. Postoperative visual acuity was improved in 19 eyes and was unchanged in three eyes. The macular edema disappeared in 12 eyes and decreased in 10. Complications included a vitreous hemorrhage in 6 eyes, a paramacular tear in 1 eye, a reghmatogenous retinal detachment in 1 eye and cataract formation in 2 eyes. Vitreous surgery can improve the visual prognosis in cases of diabetic macular edema associated with a pathological vitreo-macular interface.

[Posterior luxation of lens or implant: surgical treatment using a perfluorocarbon solution. Technique and results of 13 cases]. / Luxation postérieure du cristallin ou d'un implant: traitement chirurgical utilisant un perfluorocarbone liquide. Technique et résultats à propos de 13 cas.

We used perfluorocarbon liquids in the management of 6 cases of posterior dislocation of the lens and 7 cases of (sub-) luxation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). The perfluorocarbon liquid was injected into the vitreous cavity after complete vitrectomy, to bring back the lens or IOL to the posterior chamber where it can be easily removed. The main characteristics of perfluorocarbon liquids used in this indication are their high specific gravity and their good surface tension. Because of these two qualities, when injected in a vitrectomized eye, the perfluorocarbon liquid forms a bubble, filling the vitreous cavity from the posterior pole to the ora serrata with the dislocated lens or IOL floating on its surface. We found this technique to be helpful and quite atraumatic in this difficult surgical situation. Complications included regressive corneal edema in 6 cases and retinal dialysis with localized detachment in 3 cases.

[Mixed photoreceptor dystrophy. Apropos of two cases]. / Dystrophie mixte des photorécepteurs. A propos de deux cas.

Two observations of cone-rod dystrophy are reported. It's about two brothers. The transmission way is not defined. The extinction of the scotopic ERG and the final threshold of the rod in dark adaptation shows the rod participation in this disease. In this case, the characteristics of the progressive cone dystrophy (photophobia, achromatopsia, visual capacity loss, respect of the peripheric visual field, alteration of the photopic ERG) are seen. Fundus examination and angiography are discussed and reported to the vitreofluorometry.