Quantitative and qualitative bone assessment of the posterior mandible in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cone beam computed tomography study.

UNLABELLED: Evaluation of mandibular bone features is very important for the diagnosis, treatment planning and management of dental procedures such as osseointegrated implants. AIM: To evaluate the bone quantity and quality of the posterior region of the mandible using the CBCT technique for implant planning in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with diabetes mellitus and 27 control subjects participated in the study. Mandibular bone measurements were performed on the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. One previously calibrated oral radiologist with CBCT experience measured the distance from mandibular canal to alveolar ridge and the distance from bucal to lingual cortical wall. Also, it was assessed the bone quality of each region of interest, by measuring the bone mineral density. The study protocol was approved by the local Ethics Committee. RESULTS: The study revealed the presence of significant correlations between bone quality and values ofglycosylated hemoglobin and a significant association between patient gender and bone type. There is a significant inverse correlation between the values of cortical and trabecular bone density in the posterior region of the mandible and HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion the use of CBCT in preoperative bone measurements will help provide valuable information about the quantity and quality of bone before the placement of dental implants.

Clinical--imaging aspects of young permanent teeth traumas and the ethiopatogenic mechanisms involved.

UNLABELLED: Dental trauma occurring to children and teenagers all over the world represents a serious issue in Public Health. AIM: This present study wants to investigate the etiology and the environment in which the dental trauma occurs and also wants to establish a connection between dental trauma and social-economic status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was made to collect information about dental trauma on human subjects involving 372 children and teenagers, both female and male, between 8 and 20 years of age. The data obtained from the clinical and radiological exams for each patient have been registered in a special conceived register, which represented a stage of the study. RESULTS: The frequency of dental trauma varied from 62.1% for males to 37.9% for women. Most of them have suffered from dental trauma between the age of 14 and 16 (30.1%), and a few between 18 and 20 years (2.2%). Dental trauma has occurred most frequently in school, during sports lessons, followed by those in public places like the street (23.1%), from which 17.1% have been associated with bicycle accidents, 3.5% with scooter accidents and 2.5% with car accidents. Children and teenagers who live in areas with a low social economic level have been the fewest to seek medical attention due to difficult access to medical services. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study wanted to present the importance of knowing the frequency of dental trauma in children and teenagers and to point out the need of promoting medical education to parents regarding the means they can use to reduce the risk factors associated with dental trauma.