Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/therapy , Intracranial Pressure , Monitoring, Physiologic , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Barbiturates/pharmacology , Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Brain Injuries/physiopathology , Child , Female , Fentanyl/pharmacology , Humans , Intracranial Pressure/drug effects , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Sodium Oxybate/pharmacology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Three cases of intracranial arteriopathy associated with the administration of ergot derivatives are reported. In the first case, excessive doses of dihydroergotamine and of ergotamine tartrate seemed to be the cause, but simultaneous treatment with an antibiotic and the existence of a cytomegalovirus infection could have favoured the arteriopathic process. The second patient also received excessive doses of these two drugs, but in addition she was taking oestrogen and progesteron containing contraceptives. In the third case, an intravenous injection of methylergometrine in a dose of 0.2 mg seemed to have initiated the arteriopathy. Arteriograms were comparable in all three cases, with segmental stenosis of several cerebral arteries, whereas internal carotid and vertebral arteries remained normal. In the first case a control cerebral arteriography was normal one month later. These findings suggest that widespread cerebral arteriopathy can appear in subjects who chronically abuse ergotamine tartrate.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Arterial Diseases/chemically induced , Ergotamines/adverse effects , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Dihydroergotamine/adverse effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Interactions , Ergotamine , Ethinyl Estradiol/adverse effects , Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination , Female , Humans , Methylergonovine/adverse effects , Norgestrel/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Fast deterioration of the neurological status of patients with raised intracranial pressure after lumbar puncture is not rare. Cerebral coning or rebleeding occur in consequence of cerebrospinal fluid leak. An experimental model correlates leakage with needle gauge. Computed tomography is indicated for diagnosis at the time of the initial examination. Puncture with needles of small diameter (less than 0.5 mm) is recommended.
Subject(s)
Spinal Puncture , Acute Disease , Cerebral Infarction/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Intracranial Pressure , Male , Meningitis/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Risk , Spinal Puncture/adverse effectsABSTRACT
In order to verify whether the migration of Schistosoma mansoni from mesenteric vessels towards the liver under the action of general anesthetics (althesin, ether, enflurane, halothane, propanidid and thiopental sodium) is reversible, 65 mice were submitted to an anaesthetic and then perfused after dissection 24 hours later. The Schistosoma counts from porto-mesenteric vessels of the mice from control groups (60 mice) were compared with those of the mice under experiment. The counts from the hepatic area of the groups were also compared. No significant difference in the counts in the mice under experiment and those of control groups was noted.
Subject(s)
Anesthetics/pharmacology , Schistosoma mansoni/drug effects , Animals , Female , Liver/parasitology , Male , Mesentery/parasitology , Mice , Time FactorsABSTRACT
General anesthetics or hypnotics (ketamine, propanidid, thiopental, althesin, halothane, enflurane, ether), were tested on white mice infested with Schistosoma mansoni to study possible changes in the migration of this trematode from the mesentery to the liver. With this in mind, populations of 25 mice of the same sex and age were chosen at random; they were divided into a control group and a group submitted to an anaesthetic agent. The mice were perfused after dissection and catheterization of the abdominal aorta. A vacuum-pump was used to collect separately the parasites from the mesenteric and portal vessels and those from hepatic vessels. The parasite counts in the hepatic vessels of the mice which had received an anesthetic were compared with those found in the vessels of the control group; they were found to be significantly raised. It would appear that anesthetic agents altered the neuromuscular function of the parasite which was thus carried away towards the liver. This massive migration of the parasites would deprive the hepatic lobules of portal blood by worsening the already existing obstruction at the precapillary level caused by the schistosomiasis.