ABSTRACT
El término de onicomicosis se emplea para describir las infecciones de las uñas causadas por diferentes grupos taxonómicos fúngicos ya sea filamentosos como levaduriformes. A pesar de que estas patologías son causadas en los vertebrados principalmente por integrantes de la Familia Artrodermatáceae (Onygenales), la micología médica aplicó para ellos la terminología más específica de dermatofitosis, por ser un grupo ecológico de mayor importancia y presencia clínica. Las dermatomicosis de piel y fanéreos, representan un conjunto de infecciones producidas por especies fúngicas distribuidas en ambientes diversos, capaces de crecer a temperaturas de 37° y que actúan usualmente como patógenos oportunistas cuando existe generalmente un factor predisponente en el huésped. Se destaca la colonización en una uña de los pies en un hombre de 49 años por Neoscytalidium dimidiatum(Penz.) Crous & Slippers, un reconocido fitopatógeno de rápido crecimiento, común en zonas tropicales y subtropicales, que presentó la capacidad de invadir tejidos queratinizados con un aspecto clínico indistinguible de los causadas por dermatofitos. Por la rara presencia de este hongo en nuestra zona geográfica (provincia de Valparaíso, Chile), se aportan los principales datos morfofisiológicos,taxonómicos y moleculares utilizados en su diagnóstico. (AU)
The term onychomycosis is used to describe nail infections caused by different fungal taxonomic groups, either filamentous or yeast. Despite the fact that these pathologies are caused in vertebrates mainly by members of the Artrodermatáceae Family (Onygenales), medical mycology applied the more specific terminology of dermatophytosis for them, as it is an ecological group of greater importance and clinical presence. Skin and pharynx dermatomycosis represent a set of infections produced by fungal species distributed in diverse environments, capable of growing at temperatures of 37° and that usually act as opportunistic pathogens when there is a predisposing factor in the host. The colonization on a toenail in a 49-year-old man by Nesoscytalidium dimidiatumis highlighted (Penz.) Crous & Slippers, a recognized fast-growing phytopathogen, common in tropical and subtropical areas, which presented the ability to invade keratinized tissues with a clinical appearance indistinguishable from those caused by dermatophytes. Due to the rare presence of this fungus in our geographical area (Valparaíso province, Chile), the main morphophysiological, taxonomic and molecular data used in its identificationare provided. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ascomycota/pathogenicity , Onychomycosis/etiology , Ascomycota/cytology , Ascomycota/classification , Ascomycota/physiology , DNA/analysis , Chile , Genome Components , Dermatomycoses/diagnosisABSTRACT
Discussions at the inaugural meeting of aTrans-European Pedagogic Research Group forAnatomical Sciences highlighted the fact thatthere exist considerable variations in the legaland ethical frameworks throughout Europeconcerning body bequests for anatomicalexamination. Such differences appear to reflectcultural and religious variations as well as differentlegal and constitutional frameworks. Forexample, there are different views concerningthe ownership of cadavers and concerningthe need (perceived by different societies andnational politicians) for legislation specificallyrelated to anatomical dissection. Furthermore,there are different views concerning the acceptabilityof using unclaimed bodies that have notgiven informed consent. Given that in Europe (AU)
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Subject(s)
Humans , Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics , Tissue Donors/ethics , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , European Union , Legislation as TopicABSTRACT
Naturally occurring postnatal cell death in the somatosensory cortex and medial cortical areas was examined in micrencephalic rats produced after exposure to 100 cGy X-rays at embryonic day 15. The absolute numbers of dead cells per tissue section were not affected in the future subcortical white matter, but were severely decreased in the cerebral cortex when compared with age-matched controls. Furthermore, the proportion of cortical dead cells per 1000 live neurons in the cerebral cortex and the cumulative cell death across time were significantly reduced in irradiated animals. These results suggest that naturally occurring postnatal cell death in the cerebral cortex is reduced in micrencephaly.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced/physiopathology , Cell Death/physiology , Cerebral Cortex/abnormalities , Microcephaly/physiopathology , Aging/physiology , Animals , Cerebral Cortex/cytology , Cerebral Cortex/physiology , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
The external jugular vein is a less favored but still useful route for insertion of cardiac pacemaker catheters. When this approach is used, gradual descent of the pulse-generator in the subcutaneous tissue of the chest wall may produce sharp angulation of the catheter as it enters the vein. This may result, many months later, in pressure necrosis of the overlying skin. Techniques aimed at preventing such pulse-generator descent should obviate this complication.
Subject(s)
Pacemaker, Artificial/adverse effects , Aged , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Catheterization/adverse effects , Clavicle , Heart Block/physiopathology , Heart Block/therapy , Humans , Jugular Veins , Male , Neck , Necrosis , Skin Ulcer/etiology , Skin Ulcer/pathology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A case with a mixed pattern of pacemaker failure is presented. "Runaway" pacemaker with ventricular capture at 250 beats per minute occurred three days after the development of syncope associated with intermittent loss of pacing artifact. Presumed protection by placement of a temporary pacemaker upon admission was unfounded. This case argues for rapid diagnosis of pacemaker failure, followed by prompt surgical exploration and repair of the pacing system.
Subject(s)
Bundle-Branch Block/therapy , Heart Block/therapy , Pacemaker, Artificial/adverse effects , Tachycardia/etiology , Electrocardiography , Electrodes, Implanted , Female , Heart Arrest/etiology , Humans , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Psychological Warfare , Warfare , China , History, 20th Century , Japan , Naval Medicine , United StatesABSTRACT
A personal, portable, continuing health record is an important adjunct to superior medical care in a complex and mobile modern society, and the medical profession should encourage and facilitate its voluntary adoption by patients.
Subject(s)
Hospital Departments/standards , Medical Records Department, Hospital/standards , Medical Records/standards , Patient Access to Records , Patient Advocacy/standards , Patient Rights , Disclosure , Humans , Paternalism , Patient Education as Topic , Physician-Patient Relations , Risk AssessmentSubject(s)
Esophageal Diseases/surgery , Esophageal Diseases/diagnosis , Humans , Methods , Rupture, SpontaneousABSTRACT
Although the presence of a pleural effusion is almost always indicative of an intrathoracic problem reflection will yield a certain number of extrathoracic causes, such as hypoproteinemia, Meigs' syndrome pancreatitis and subphrenic abscess. The kidney is a close neighbor of the diaphragm and pleural cavity, and a case of renal stone associated with a small ipsilateral pleural effusion, which regressed with resolution of the primary process, is reported.
Subject(s)
Kidney Calculi/complications , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Adult , Humans , Kidney Calculi/diagnostic imaging , Male , Pleural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , RadiographyABSTRACT
In some patients with hiatus hernia, vomiting may propel a plug of redundant gastric mucosa into the distal esophagus, where it becomes incarcerated and engorged. Significant bleeding may result. Reduction of the hernia controls the hemorrhage. Endoscopy after the acute episode may demonstrate a gastric mucosal lesion considered to be characteristic of the syndrome.
