ABSTRACT
El objetivo de esta revisión del manejo de la infección por el virus C de la hepatitis, es repasar su epidemiología, diagnóstico, razones para hacer pruebas complementarias como la biopsia hepática o para administrar los últimos tratamientos como la Rivabirina o el Interferón Pegilado (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatitis C/drug therapy , Ribavirin/pharmacology , Interferons/pharmacology , Hepatitis C/pathology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Prisoners , Biopsy/methodsABSTRACT
A seroepidemiological study of HIV-1 infection was carried out among all the subjects who were imprisoned in a correctional centre in Catalonia (Spain) between October 1987 and April 1988. Six hundred and thirty-one inmates (male, mean age 19.1 +/- 1.7 years) were surveyed. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 infection was 33.6%. Statistically significant differences were observed between intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and non-IVDUs (P less than 0.0000001) and between regular and irregular IVDUs (P less than 0.000001). The age at which the person started using drugs and the length of time spent in prison were also significantly associated with the prevalence of infection. No other variables, except the higher prevalence among the gipsy ethnic group, showed any statistically significant association with HIV-1 infection.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Seroprevalence , HIV-1 , Prisoners , Adolescent , Adult , Ethnicity , Humans , Male , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous , TattooingABSTRACT
The prevalence of infection by hepatitis B (HBV) and delta (HDV) viruses and presumably related variables were evaluated in a prison for young male convicts, aged 16-21 years (n = 686), 55.1% of convicts were positive for one or more VHB markers, and 7.1% were positive for HBsAg; 89.7% of these were negative for IgM anti-HBc (chronic carriers), while 36.6% were positive for HBeAg. Anti-delta antibodies were detected in 37.5% of chronic carriers. The seropositivity of HVB markers was much higher in parenteral drug abusers (PDA) as compared with non PDA (76.3% vs 26.7%, p less than 0.0000001, OR = 8.82). Among PDA, it was higher in regular users than in occasional ones (83.3% vs 62.9%, p = 0.0001, OR = 2.95) and in those who had acquired the habit at an early age (p = 0.035). The stratified analysis also showed an association of VHB infection with other variables, basically ethical and prison-related. The possibility to develop active immunization programs is evaluated.
