ABSTRACT
The aim of this work is to study the epidemiology of central neurological system (CNS) diagnosed in the population of people living with HIV in the department of infectious diseases in UHC Ibn Rochd of Casablanca from January 2005 to May 2015. The demographic and clinical profile along with the outcome of these patients were studied. The data were collected from Nadis software. Three hundred and eighty-seven patients were admitted for CNS diagnosis, out of 3496 people living with HIV admitted during this time period, i.e., a prevalence of 11%. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.27. The average age was 39 years (± 7). Neurological involvement was indicative of HIV infection in 225 cases (68.8%). Neurological disorders were dominated by headache (70%), focal neurological syndrome (35%), and meningeal syndrome (30%). CNS diagnosis noted were CNS tuberculosis (37%), cerebral toxoplasmosis (30%), and cryptococcal meningitis (20%). The median CD4 T-lymphocyte was 184 cells/mm3. Infection with severe immunosuppression was progressive multifocal leucoencephalitis, cryptococcal meningitis, and primary cerebral lymphoma. Lethality was 39%. In the department of infectious diseases of the UHC, the main cause of death among HIV-infected patients is tuberculosis. Collaboration between the national tuberculosis and AIDS programs has been established to improve the detection and management of these patients.
L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier l'épidémiologie des manifestations neurologiques centrales (MNC) des patients vivant avec le VIH (PvVIH) suivis dans le service des maladies infectieuses du CHU Ibn Rochd de Casablanca entre janvier 2005 et mai 2015. La source des données était le logiciel Nadis. Trois cent quatre-vingt-sept patients ont été hospitalisés pour une MNC sur 3 496 PvVIH, soit une prévalence de 11 %. Le sex-ratio (H/F) était de 1,27. L'âge moyen des patients était de 39 ans (± 7). L'atteinte neurologique était révélatrice de l'infection à VIH dans 266 cas (69 %). Les troubles neurologiques étaient dominés par les céphalées (70 %), le syndrome neurologique focal (35 %) et le syndrome méningé (35 %). Les étiologies étaient dominées par la méningoencéphalite tuberculeuse (37 %), la toxoplasmose cérébrale (30 %) et la cryptococcose neuroméningée (CNM) (20 %). La médiane des lymphocytes T CD4 était de 184 cellules/mm3. Les atteintes survenues en cas d'immunodépression sévère étaient la leucoencéphalite multifocale progressive, la CNM et le lymphome cérébral primitif. Le taux de létalité global était de 39 %. Dans le service des maladies infectieuses du CHU prenant en charge les PvVIH, la tuberculose est la première étiologie des MNC au cours de l'infection au VIH. Une collaboration conjointe du programme national de lutte contre la tuberculose et de celui de lutte contre le sida a été mise en place pour améliorer le dépistage et la prise en charge de ces patients.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/complications , Female , HIV , HIV Infections/complications , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Morocco/epidemiology , Nervous System Diseases/virology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public health concerns. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HIV-infected patients, and to identify the main circulating hepatitis strains in Morocco. The study was carried out in 503 HIV-infected patients. Our survey indicated that the prevalence of HIV/hepatitis co-infection was 10.6%; 5.2% of patients were HBV surface antigen positive, and 5.4% of patients were anti-HCV positive. Among the HBV surface antigen-positive group, HBV DNA sequencing identified exclusively genotype D (D1: 26.7%; D7: 73.3%) in accordance with what is found in the general population. In contrast, sequencing of HCV isolates produced an unusual subtype distribution with a decreasing order of prevalence: 1a, 3a (both 23.5%), 1b, 4a (both 17.6%), 1c (11.8%) and 6h (6%).
