Pillar[5]arene-Integrated Three-Dimensional Framework Polymers for Macrocycle-Induced Size-Selective Catalysis.

Size-selective catalysis is of key importance in the conversion of crude oil or biomass. Here, we fabricate three pillar[5]arene-integrated porous organic polymers with three-dimensional (3D) network structures using 3D cross-linkers. The resulting polymers possess a high surface-to-mass ratio and exhibit exceptional size-selective catalysis in Knoevenagel condensation reactions. In addition, a mechanistic study indicates that the size-selective catalysis is due to the host-guest interaction between pillar[5]arene and substrates. This study suggests that macrocycle-containing polymers could be a promising candidate for size-selective catalysis.

Step-Growth Cyclo-Oligomerization for the Preparation of Functionalized Pillar[6]arenes with Alternating Methylene Bridge Substitutions.

Methylene-bridge-substituted pillar[6]arenes (PA[6]) are synthesized by step-growth cyclo-oligomerization. Dimers, trimers, tetramers, and hexamers with substituted methylene bridges are synthesized. Hexamers are converted to PA[6] derivatives with alternating methylene bridge substitutions by ring-closing reactions. PA[6] derivatives are further modified with pyrene groups or carboxylate groups by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. The modifications render PA[6] fluorescent or water-soluble. A host-guest chemistry study confirms that the water-soluble PA[6] derivative is a high-affinity host toward suitable guests in water.

Acetal-Functionalized Pillar[5]arene: A pH-Responsive and Versatile Nanomaterial for the Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents.

Acetal-functionalized pillar[5]arene (Ac-PA[5]) was prepared as a pH-responsive biomaterial. This biomaterial could be fabricated into nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution by an emulsion protocol. PA[5]-based nanoparticles were used to deliver anti-tumor drugs (paclitaxel and doxorubicin) in vitro. PA[5]-based nanoparticles were discovered to be a versatile drug delivery system (DDS) to incorporate a fluorescent dye (fluorescein) or a targeting group (folic acid) via host-guest interactions. The resulting DDS could be used for the purpose of bioimaging or targeted delivery. Acetal-functionalization renders the system acid-labile to release encapsulated cargo during cell internalization, which is confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). A folic-acid-modified DDS shows a 5.1-fold enhancement in bioactivity in vitro due to the targeting effect. This DDS is a platform to conveniently integrate multiple functions.

Pro-guest and acyclic cucurbit[n]uril conjugated polymers for the controlled release of anti-tumor drugs.

We report "pro-guest" and acyclic cucurbit[n]uril conjugated polymers as supramolecular drug delivery systems (DDSs). These supramolecular DDSs could encapsulate anti-tumor drugs. Under acidic conditions, an acid-labile "pro-guest" degraded to become a "competing guest", which displaced and released the encapsulated drug at a tunable rate.

The relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and heart rate variability, cardiac function indexes in essential hypertension / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between brachial- ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac function in patients with essential hypertension.Methods One hundred and eighty patients with essential hypertensive from January 2014 to August 2016 were collected.The patients were divided into elevated group(baPWV≥1 400 cm/s,100 cases) and normal group (baPWV < 1 400 cm/s, 80 cases) according to the baPWV value. The general data, heart function and HRV of the 2 groups were compared. Results The standard deviation of all normal-to-normal(SDNN),standard deviation of all 5-min mean NN intervals(SDANN)and proportion of number of pairs of adjacent normal-to-normal intervals by more than 50 ms(PNN50%)in elevated group were significantly lower than those in normal group: (116.3 ± 17.0) ms vs. (135.8 ± 19.4) ms, (96.0 ± 21.4) ms vs. (120.0 ± 25.1) ms and (9.3 ± 3.1)% vs. (12.0 ± 4.1)%,and there were statistical differences (P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD)between 2 groups(P>0.05);the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in elevated group was significantly lower than that in normal group:(57.2 ± 7.0)% vs.(63.0 ± 8.2)%,and there was statistical difference (P<0.01); there were no statistical differences in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) and left ventricular end systolic dimension (LVSd) between 2 groups (P>0.05); the interventricular septal thickness (IVST) in elevated group was significantly higher than that in normal group:(11.4 ± 2.5)mm vs.(9.5 ± 1.4)mm,and there was statistical difference(P<0.01).In patients with essential hypertension,there was a significant negative correlation between baPWV and SDNN,SDANN, PNN50%,LVEF(P<0.01),and there was a significant positive correlation between baPWV and IVST (P<0.05).Conclusions The baPWV measured in patients with essential hypertension can effectively reflect the HRV and cardiac function of the patients.

Correlation of serum S100B protein and human anti-brain tissue antibody levels with cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the roles of S100B protein and anti-brain antibody (ABAb) in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by analyzing the changes of the serum levels of S100B and ABAb and the relationships of the measures with cognition deficits in patients with AD.Methods:In this study,32 patients with AD(AD group) and 40 age-matched volunteers without cognitive impairment(control group) were enrolled.The diagnosis was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ).The mental and social functional conditions were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL),the cognitive function of patients was evaluated with the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale(ADAS-Cog).The serum S100B proteinand ABAb levels were examined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA).Results:The serum S100B protein[(0.66 ± 0.17) μg/L vs.(0.30 ± 0.04)μg/L] and ABAb [(1.93 ± 0.95) U/L vs.(1.31 ± 0.25) U/L] levels were higher in AD patients than in the controls (Ps ＜ 0.01).In AD patients,the serum S 100B protein markedly negatively correlated with the scores of the MMSE(r =-0.66),while positively correlated with ADL and ADAS-Cog(r =0.57,r =0.53)(Ps ＜ 0.005).ABAb levels negatively correlated with the scores of the MMSE(r =-0.57),while positively correlated with ADL and ADAS-Cog(r =0.52,r =0.34)(Ps ＜0.05).The serum S100B protein levels were positively related to ABAb levels in AD group(r =0.51.P ＜0.005),but not in control group(r =0.076,P =0.654).Conclusions:It suggests that the serum levels of S100B protein and ABAb are related with cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease,and S100B protein and ABAb might play key roles in mechanism of Alzheimer's disease.

Prospect of the Transformation and Development of Hospital Library from the Angle of Makerspace / 医学信息学杂志

The paper introduces study and development of makerspace both in China and abroad,analyzes the effect of introducing makerspace into the hospital library and proposes ideas and suggestions on building makerspace in the hospital library,including aspects like validation of positioning and target,rebuilding of space and knowledge platform and talent cultivation,etc.

Side-chain-bulk effects on the molecular packing and photovoltaic performance of benzotrithiophene-benzooxadiazole conjugated copolymers.

Two alternating donor-acceptor conjugated polymers, PBTTBO-C13 C11 and PBTTBO-C13 C8 , comprising 5-alkylbenzo[1,2-b:3,4-b':5,6-d'']trithiophene (BTT) as the donor and 4,7-bis(4-dodecylthien-2-yl)benzo[1,2,5]oxadiazole (BO) as the acceptor, with different alkyl side-chain architectures on their BTT units are synthesized, and their bulk heterojunction photovoltaic properties when blended with the fullerene PC71 BM are characterized. Even a slight change in the length of the alkyl chain of the BTT units influences the steric bulk to such a degree that it substantially affects the molecular packing of the polymers and the performance of their photovoltaic devices. The bulkier side chains of the polymer PBTTBO-C13 C11 not only prevent its crystallization, but also suppress its light-absorption coefficient relative to that of PBTTBO-C13 C8 , as evidenced by X-ray diffraction and UV/Vis absorption studies, presumably because of weakened intermolecular interactions. Moreover, the polymer bearing bulkier side chains, PBTTBO-C13 C11 , is less miscible with PC71 BM than PBTTBO-C13 C8 , and this characteristic determines the morphology of their annealed blended films, as shown by TEM studies. The best efficiency is obtained with a device containing an annealed PBTTBO-C13 C8 /PC71 BM (1/2 w/w) active layer that was maintained at 120 °C for 10 min, which shows a power conversion efficiency of 6.2 %, an open-circuit voltage of 0.75 V, a short-circuit current density of 12.6 mA cm(-2) , and a fill factor of 66 %.

Value of low-dose furosemide for normal upper urinary during CT urography / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the value of intravenous low dose furosemide on visualization of upper urinary tract during CTU. Methods 39 cases of normal upper urinary samples were examined by CTU with 5 minutes delayed,19 cases underwent intravenous injection of furosemide.The upper urinary tract was divided into 5 parts for scoring of images on a 5 score scales for opacification,the average value of ureter short axis of distention,and CT value by contrast material were measured.Results were analyzed by t test using SPSS.Results (1)30/38 segments of upper urinary tract were all or almost all opacification in furosemide group,the scores of upper urinary tract were higher than that of the control group,which had significant difference except the pelvis and left proximal ureter segments. (2)The disention of the ureter was significantly higher for all segments in furosemide group.(3)CT values in furosemide group decreased significantly for all upper urinary tract.Conclusion CTU excretory phase image acquisition with intravenous low dose furosemide is helpful on visualization of upper urinary tract.

Comparative Study for Diagnostic Value Between Dual Energy CT Lung Perfusion Imaging and CT Pulmonary Angiography in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the value of dual energy CT lung perfusion imaging (DEPI) for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) in comparison with CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Methods: There were 49 patients with suspected PE received DEPI scanning and 19 with CTPA conifrmed diagnosis were enrolled in this study. CTPA image was obtained by 80 kv data, and DEPI image was obtained by PBV software. The location, type of PE in CTPA image, and the location, shape of perfusion defect in DEPI were observed and compared by segment basis. The correlation and agreement of CTPA and DEPI for diagnosing PE were calculated and the un-agreement was analyzed. Results: A total of 380 segments were included for analysis. CTPA detected 162 segments of PE and DEPI detected 155 segments of perfusion defect or reduction, partial PE were mainly presented by perfusion defects as speckles, patches or without perfusion defect, and complete PE were mainly showed segmental or sub-segmental perfusion defects. CTPA and DEPI were correlated for PE diagnosis (χ2=305.5,P=0.000), the diagnostic agreement was 83.42% and KAPPA value was 0.659. Conclusion: The perfusion defect in DEPI is related to the degree and type of PE presented in CTPA, their combination is helpful for diagnosing PE.

Symmetry and coplanarity of organic molecules affect their packing and photovoltaic properties in solution-processed solar cells.

In this study we synthesized three acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) organic molecules, TB3t-BT, TB3t-BTT, and TB3t-BDT, comprising 2,2'-bithiophene (BT), benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b':5,6-d″]trithiophene (BTT), and benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) units, respectively, as central cores (donors), terthiophene (3t) as π-conjugated spacers, and thiobarbituric acid (TB) units as acceptors. These molecules display different degrees of coplanarity as evidenced by the differences in dihedral angles calculated from density functional theory. By using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffractions for probing their crystallization characteristics and molecular packing in active layers, we found that the symmetry and coplanarity of molecules would significantly affect the melting/crystallization behavior and the formation of crystalline domains in the blend film with fullerene, PC61BM. TB3t-BT and TB3t-BDT, which each possess an inversion center and display high crystallinity in their pristine state, but they have different driving forces in crystallization, presumably because of different degrees of coplanarity. On the other hand, the asymmetrical TB3t-BTT behaved as an amorphous material even though it possesses a coplanar structure. Among our tested systems, the device comprising as-spun TB3t-BDT/PC61BM (6:4, w/w) active layer featured crystalline domains and displayed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.1%. In contrast, the as-spun TB3t-BT/PC61BM (6:4, w/w) active layer showed well-mixed morphology and with a device PCE of 0.2%; it increased to 3.9% after annealing the active layer at 150 °C for 15 min. As for TB3t-BTT, it required a higher content of fullerene in the TB3t-BTT/PC61BM (4:6, w/w) active layer to optimize its device PCE to 1.6%.

A report of 4 cases about gluteal heterotopic ossification caused by injection / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the pathogenesis and treatment of gluteal heterotopic ossification caused by injection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From April 2006 to May 2011, 4 old female patients with gluteal heterotopic ossification caused by injection were treated by resection. The average age was 71 years old ranging from 67 to 76. The illness were bilateral,the clinical character was pain and hard nodules in the both hip. The X-ray, CT and pathology matched the diagnosis of heterotopic ossification. Two of them were treated by totally removing the ossified tissues, and loosing the spastic and adhesive soft tissues. The other two were treated with local resection and soft-tissue lysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The wound of all patients healed well, and there were no complication. All patients were followed-up from 2 to 64 months(averaged 26 months). There were no lump and pain in the location of surgical resection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gluteal heterotopic ossification caused by injection is the drug reaction produced by injecting benzyl alcohol or other drugs,and happens in adults. The key for the treatment is to remove part or all of the painful lump,and loose the local fascia and other soft tissues of the gluteal muscles.</p>

Experience introduction of induced eruption on multiple adjacent impacted teeth in anterior maxillary bone / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the method of induced eruption on multiple adjacent impacted teeth in anterior maxillary bone.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two multiple adjacent impacted teeth of 9 cases were chosen. The position of the impacted teeth and the relationship to each other were assessed on X-ray images, oral examination and plaster model. The impacted teeth were extracted or induced erupted with the closed-eruption technique and fixed orthodontic appliances.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 22 impacted teeth, 19 impacted teeth were moved into arches by induced eruption with the closed-eruption technique and fixed orthodontic appliances. There were not root adsorption or conglutination for 19 impacted teeth. Three impacted teeth with deformed root were extracted. The average time for treatment was 19 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With correct diagnosis, reasonable design, the complicated impacted teeth could be moved into alignment with good esthetic and functional effect.</p>

Comparison of the clinical therapeutic effects between local injection of pingyangmycin and sodium morrhuate on oral and maxillofacial venous malformation / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe and compare the curative effect of pingyangmycin and sodium morrhuae respectively in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial venous malformation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty cases of oral and maxillofacial venous malformation were induced in this study, 20 of which were given local injection of low dose of pingyangmycin, and 20 given local injection of 5% sodium morrheate. The therapeutic effects were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The effective cases of pingyangmycin was 19, and the effective cases of sodium morrhuate was 12. The side effect was found in 10 cases of, and in 15 cases sodium morrhuate group, the former was mainly pingymangmycin group systemic, the later was mainly local. The difference was significant between the two groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pingyangmycin is more effective in effective rate and side effect treatment of venous hemangioma than sodium morrhuate.</p>

Effects of heat shock on the thermotolerance, protein composition, and toxin production of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an important seafood-associated enteropathogen, usually encounters different adverse conditions in its native or food-processing environment, and the stresses resulting from these conditions may affect the survival of this pathogen and thus change its risk with regard to food hygiene. In this study, we investigated the thermotolerance of V. parahaemolyticus under sublethal heat shock and characterized this response by examining the changes in protein profiles and toxin production. Logarithmically grown cells heat shocked at 42 degrees C for 30 min were more resistant to thermal inactivation at 47 degrees C than were unshocked cells. After the 25 degrees C culture was heat shocked, 24 species of proteins were induced, while 13 species were inhibited, as indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. DnaJ-, GroEL-, and GroES-like proteins with molecular sizes of 47, 62, and 12 kDa, respectively, were detected by immunoblotting with antibodies raised against the Escherichia coli proteins. During 1 to 8 h of heat shock, GroEL-like protein was produced in substantial amounts and was present in the periplasmic and extracellular fractions, while DnaJ- and GroES-like proteins were present mainly in the total cellular fraction. DnaK-like protein was not detected; nevertheless, the presence of the dnaK-like genetic element was revealed by Southern blotting. Production of thermostable direct hemolysin, the major virulence factor in V. parahaemolyticus, was enhanced in the cells heat shocked at 42 degrees C but not in those heat shocked at 37 degrees C.