ABSTRACT
The changes in spatial memory performances and the binding of hippocampal peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) induced by D-galactose (D-gal) were investigated in rats. The animals were randomly divided into two groups: saline-treated group and D-gal-induced aging group. All rats received 56 days of injection followed by 5 days of behavioral tests. The D-gal-induced aging rats presented significant impairment in water maze performance, compared with that in the saline-treated rats. A significant decrease in [3H]PK11195 binding in the synaptosomes from hippocampus in the D-gal-induced aging rats was observed, compared to that in the saline-treated rats. Meanwhile, the Scatchard analysis revealed that there was a decrease in Bmax, with no significant change in KD. Further analysis demonstrated that water maze performance was closely related to the PK11195 binding in all rats. These results suggest that D-gal decreased the density of PBR in hippocampal synaptosomes, which may be attributable to the progressive pathogenesis of aging in rats.
Subject(s)
Galactose/pharmacology , Hippocampus/metabolism , Maze Learning/physiology , Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism , Synaptosomes/metabolism , Aging/drug effects , Aging/metabolism , Animals , Female , Galactose/metabolism , Hippocampus/drug effects , Isoquinolines/metabolism , Male , Maze Learning/drug effects , Models, Animal , Neurotoxins/pharmacology , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, GABA-A/classification , Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects , Spatial Behavior/drug effects , Spatial Behavior/physiology , Synaptosomes/drug effectsSubject(s)
Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism , Acupuncture Therapy , Erythrocytes/enzymology , Hysteria/complications , Paralysis/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Paralysis/enzymologyABSTRACT
The lipid constituents in native low-density lipoproteins (LDL), ultra-water-soluble LDL (UWS-LDL), and aortic intimal tissues were compared. These lipoproteins were obtained from healthy persons and patients with atherosclerotic diseases. Also, aortic intimas were separated from arterial walls obtained within 5 hr after the donor's death. (1) From the native LDL, cholesterol esters (CE), triglycerides (TG), small amounts of free fatty cid (FFA), free cholesterol (CF), and phospholipids (PL) were demonstrable by iodine vapor on TLC, but from UWS-LDL the above lipids plus a new lipid (spot X) were observed between TG and FFA on TLC. And also, an unknown spot with the same Rf value as spot X was recognized on TLC of lipid extract from the atherosclerotic lesion, but not from the normal intima. (2) The production of spot X in UWS-LDL is probably related to the oxidation of lipids in native LDL. Also, the spot X in UWS-LDL and the spot X in the atherosclerotic lesions are probably related to the oxidation of CE in these lipids. (3) The existence of UWS-LDL is important to the initiation and probably the progression of atherosclerosis.
Subject(s)
Arteries/analysis , Arteriosclerosis/metabolism , Lipids/analysis , Lipoproteins, LDL/blood , Aorta/analysis , Cholesterol/analysis , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Dialysis , Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/analysis , Humans , Lipids/blood , Oxygen , Phospholipids/analysis , Reference Values , Solubility , Triglycerides/analysisSubject(s)
Biogenic Amines/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Medicine, East Asian Traditional , Plants, Medicinal , Animals , Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Biogenic Amines/analysis , Brain/drug effects , Brain Chemistry , Female , Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/analysis , Male , Mice , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Serotonin/analysisSubject(s)
Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Copper/blood , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Epilepsy/blood , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Medicine, East Asian Traditional , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Zinc/blood , Animals , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Mice , Phenobarbital/therapeutic use , Phenytoin/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The effect of safflower on cerebral infarction was studied in 152 Mongolian gerbils. Sixty-three animals were evaluated neurological deficit over 8 hours postoperation, then sacrificed and NE, DA and 5-HT contents of each cerebral hemisphere and brain stem were determined. NE, DA and 5-HT of hemisphere ipsilateral to the ligated artery in untreated animals declined significantly compared with sham-operated animals and safflower-treated gerbils. There was no significant difference between safflower-treated and sham-operated animals in NE, DA and 5-HT contents. The mean stroke index at 8 hours in safflower treated animals was 2.1 +/- 0.7, whereas untreated gerbils was 7.8 +/- 1.9 (P less than 0.01). Eighty-nine animals were followed up for 5 days, the safflower-treated animals showed a benign clinical course and mortality rate was reduced by 29.7% (6/34 vs. 26/55) in safflower-treated animals compared with untreated animals (P less than 0.01). Safflower has a protective and beneficial effect on cerebral ischemia induced in Mongolian gerbils.
