ABSTRACT
Lomnický stít, Slovakia, 2634 m above sea level, is known to be a place of extreme electric fields measured during thunderstorms and is thus a suitable place for thunderstorm-related ionising radiation research. We present one of the strongest Thunderstorm ground enhancements (TGE) ever detected, which occurred on 12 September 2021. The TGE was detected with the SEVAN detector and also with the new Georadis RT-56 large volume gamma spectrometer. In the paper, we present spectra of the TGE measured with the spectrometer as well as SEVAN coincidence data supplemented by the data from electric field mill.
ABSTRACT
Long-term measurements using silicon radiation spectrometer Liulin on board commercial aircraft have been performed since 2001; results were put into a new database, which covers more than 4500 flights with more than 130 000 measurements. Methodology and tools were developed to normalize the data with respect to latitude and altitude and thus enable comparison with other radiation detectors and with model calculations. This capability is demonstrated using data from the neutron monitor at Lomnický stít. Instead of providing data files for individual measurement period, two software solutions are delivered. First is a web-based user interface for visualizing and downloading arbitrary time window of interest from the database hosted at http://cr10.odz.ujf.cas.cz. The second is a set of interactive Python notebooks available at GitHub. Those implement the calibration, normalization and visualization methods-so the outputs can be tailored to user needs. The software and data are provided under GNU/CC license.
Subject(s)
Aircraft , Altitude , Cosmic Radiation , Neutrons , Radiation Monitoring/statistics & numerical data , Silicon/chemistry , Aerospace Medicine , Aviation , Calibration , Databases, Factual , Geography , Internet , Radiation Dosage , Radiation Exposure , Software , Solar ActivityABSTRACT
Monitoring of exposures of aircrew members of airline operators registered in the Czech Republic has been performed since 1998. The individual effective doses are calculated using the computer code CARI annually. The calculations are based on information about participation of aircrew members on the specific flights and on the parameters describing the typical flight profiles of the flights; the latter is regularly verified with control measurements performed onboard aircraft. The results show that (1) the average annual effective doses in the period from 1998 to 2017 range from 1.3 to 2.1 mSv, (2) the maximum effective dose of a crew member is 5.7 mSv and (3) the annual collective effective doses range from 1.3 to 4.1 manSv. Combined relative uncertainty of the results is ~25%.
Subject(s)
Aviation , Cosmic Radiation , Occupational Exposure/analysis , Radiation Monitoring/methods , Radiation Protection/methods , Aerospace Medicine/methods , Aircraft , Calibration , Czech Republic , Humans , Radiation Dosage , Radiation Monitoring/standards , Reproducibility of Results , Solar ActivityABSTRACT
Cosmic ray (CR) may partially, especially at high altitudes, contribute to the dosimetric characteristics. Along with irregular CR variations as Forbush decreases and solar particle events are, the quasi-periodic variations may be of some relevance too. A very short review (with references to original papers) of the present knowledge of various types of such variations is presented, namely (i) diurnal wave, (ii) ~27 d variability due to the solar rotation, (iii) Rieger-type periodicity, and (iv) quasi-biennial oscillations as well as waves on longer time scales related to solar activity and to polarity of magnetic field of the Sun. Variability is illustrated in measurements of secondary CR on the ground including the high-altitude observations at Lomnický stít.
