ABSTRACT
Corneal transplants have one of the highest success rates among all transplantological procedures. Corneas intended for transplantation are stored in a preservation fluid, which is then tested for bacterial and fungal infections. Among all analyses of infectious complications following corneal transplants, infections caused by bacteria or fungi are the most prominent. Surprisingly, however, apart from a few publications, there is a lack of data regarding the occurrence of viruses in donor corneas and the risk of transmitting these to their recipients. The intention of this research was therefore to determine the frequency with which human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1), human herpesvirus 2 (HHV-2), and human adenovirus (HAdV) occur in transplanted corneal tissue, as well as in samples of preservation fluid. The study comprised 57 paired samples, with each pair consisting of a fragment of the corneal tissue remaining after its trepanation for transplantation surgery and a sample of corneal preservation fluid. Sample pairs were all tested for the presence of the DNA of three viruses (HHV-1, HHV-2, and HAdV) using real time PCR technique. Viral DNA was found in three of the tested corneas-HHV-1 DNA in one paired sample (1.8%) and adenovirus DNA in two single samples (3.5%). We postulate that virological testing of corneas for transplantation should be considered, particularly in the case of donors with increased risk factors for herpesvirus and adenovirus reactivation. J. Med. Virol. 89:732-736, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subject(s)
Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Cornea/virology , DNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Herpesvirus 1, Human/isolation & purification , Herpesvirus 2, Human/isolation & purification , Preservation, Biological/methods , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Rods of the Acinetobacter genus are present mainly in the external environment (e.g. water, soil) and in animals, while in humans they may comprise physiological flora. The main pathogenic species is Acinetobacter baumannii complex, which constitutes a common cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in patients with underlying diseases and risk factors (e.g. prior broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, malignancy, central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation); however, infections of the eye caused by strains of Acinetobacter spp. are very rare. We report a unique case of community-acquired corneal ulcer caused by Acinetobacter non-baumannii (possibly A. junii), in a patient with no risk factors identified. The case highlights the need for obtaining a sample from the cornea for bacteriological culture in the case of suspected ophthalmic infection as identification of the pathogen, and assessment of its susceptibility profile enables proper antibiotic therapy, improves the outcome and may constitute an eyesight-saving management.
Subject(s)
Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , Acinetobacter/isolation & purification , Corneal Ulcer/microbiology , Acinetobacter Infections/diagnosis , Acinetobacter Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Corneal Ulcer/diagnosis , Corneal Ulcer/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The authors present the modified associated technique of deep sclerectomy ab externo with implant. The indications, advantages and disadvantages are presented.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Sclera/surgery , Trabeculectomy/methods , HumansABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Analysis of condition of posterior capsule in pseudophakic retinal detachment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 pseudophakic eyes of 35 patients with retinal detachment were examined. The condition of posterior capsule and the time when retinal detachment was observed were analysed. CONCLUSION: Disruption of the posterior capsule as a complication of cataract surgery was associated with a significant elevated risk of retinal detachment. Uncomplicated posterior capsule prevented acid from vitreous delayed retinal detachment, but is not eliminated, especially in risk factor cases.
Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/pathology , Pseudophakia/complications , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Aged , Female , Humans , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Male , Middle Aged , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The methods of studying early phases of diabetic retinopathy were presented. ERG as a method of examination of the functional activities of the retina was described. A variety of hypotheses concerning origination of oscillatory potentials (OPs) as well as their status in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy were outlined.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis , Electroretinography , Adolescent , Adult , Child , HumansABSTRACT
Oscillatory potentials (OPs) of ERG in 70 juvenile patients (140 eyes) with visual acuity 1.0, suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes were analyzed. According to the duration of the disease, the patients were divided into 4 groups. A significant diminution of the OPs amplitude in the group of patients with diabetes lasting more than 10 years was observed. An extension of implicit times of OPs were discovered starting with the group of patients with diabetes lasting over 5 years.
