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1.
Insuf. card ; 4(1): 44-49, ene.-mar. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633336

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes. El análisis de la frecuencia cardíaca ha demostrado tener impacto pronóstico en sujetos sanos, pacientes hipertensos, y portadores de insuficiencia cardíaca o cardiopatía isquémica. El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar si existe una relación, y de qué tipo, entre los cambios espontáneos en la frecuencia cardíaca durante el tratamiento en pacientes hipertensos y el índice de masa ventricular izquierda. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron 40 pacientes hipertensos tratados 1 año sin drogas que interfieran sobre la frecuencia ni el ritmo cardíaco. Análisis estadístico. Se aplicó test de correlación, y se consideró significación estadística un valor de p < 0,05. Resultados. Veintidós pacientes (54%) eran de sexo masculino; la edad media de la muestra fue de 53,8 ± 13,1 años; el índice masa corporal promedio basal fue de 28,9 ± 34,8 kg/m² y al final del seguimiento de 27,7 ± 3,9 kg/m². La presión arterial promedio basal fue de 154,2 ± 19,9 / 89,5 ± 10,8 mm Hg y la final de 137,3 ± 21,6 / 81 ± 10,6 mm Hg; la frecuencia cardíaca promedio basal de 75,3 ± 11,2 lat/min y la final de 76,8 ± 10,4 lat/min. Se observó una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre las presiones arteriales sistólica y diastólica obtenidas al final del seguimiento, y el índice de masa ventricular izquierda: r = 0,36 p < 0,01 y r = 0,29 p < 0,02; respectivamente; por otra parte, se demostró una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre el descenso de la frecuencia cardíaca y la regresión del índice de masa ventricular izquierda al final del seguimiento: r = 0,27 p < 0,05. Conclusiones. Nuestro estudio coincide con hallazgos previos de la literatura en mostrar una relación positiva, continua y estadísticamente significativa entre los valores de presión arterial obtenidos con el tratamiento antihipertensivo y la regresión de la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, y establece como hecho novedoso la existencia de una relación continua, positiva, y estadísticamente significativa entre la evolución de la frecuencia cardíaca y el índice de masa ventricular izquierda, de modo tal que en pacientes hipertensos, un descenso espontáneo de la frecuencia cardíaca se asoció a regresión de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, y por el contrario, un ascenso espontáneo a progresión del daño en órgano blanco.


Background. The analysis of heart rate has been shown to have prognostic impact in healthy subjects, and in hypertensive, heart failure or ischemic heart disease patients. The aim of this study is to determine if a relationship exists, and what kind, between the spontaneous changes in heart rate during treatment in patients with hypertension and left ventricular mass index. Material and methods. We included 40 hypertensive patients treated during 1 year without drugs that interfere on heart rate. Statistical analysis. Correlation test was applied, and statistical significance was considered p < 0.05. Results. Twenty-two patients (54%) were males, the average age of the patients was 53.8 ± 13.1 years, the average baseline body mass index was 28.9 ± 34.8 kg/m² and at follow-up 27.7 ± 3.9 kg/m². The average baseline blood pressure was 154.2 ± 19.9 / 89.5 ± 10.8 mm Hg and the final 137.3 ± 21.6 / 81 ± 10.6 mm Hg. Baseline heart rate averaged was 75.3 ± 11.2 beats/min and at follow up was 76.8 ± 10.4 beats/min. There was a statistically significant correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressures achieved at the end of follow up, and left ventricular mass index: r = 0.36 p <0.01 and r = 0.29 p < 0.02, respectively; on the other hand, a statistically significant correlation was shown between the decrease in heart rate and regression of left ventricular mass index at the end of follow up: r = 0.27 p < 0.05. Conclusions. Our study agrees with previous findings in the literature showing a positive, continuous and statistically significant correlation between blood pressure values obtained with antihypertensive treatment and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, and establishes as fact the existence of a novel relationship, positive and statistically significant, between changes in heart rate and left ventricular mass index, so that in hypertensive patients, a spontaneous decrease of heart rate was associated with regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, and otherwise, a spontaneous rise in heart rate to progression of target organ damage.


Antecedentes. A análise da frequência cardíaca demonstrou ter impacto prognóstico em sujeitos sãos, pacientes hipertensos, e portadores de insuficiência cardíaca ou cardiopatia isquêmica. O objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar se existe uma relação, e de que tipo, entre as mudanças espontâneas na frequência cardíaca durante o tratamento de pacientes hipertensos e o índice de massa ventricular esquerda. Material e métodos. Incluíram-se 40 pacientes hipertensos tratados durante 1 ano sem drogas que interferissem na frequência e no ritmo cardíaco. Análise estatística. Aplicou-se test de correlação, e considerou-se de significação estatístico um valor de p < 0,05. Resultados. Vinte e dois pacientes (54%) eram do sexo masculino; a idade média da amostra foi de 53,8 ± 13,1 anos; o índice de massa corporal médio basal foi de 28,9 ± 34,8 kg/m² e ao final do seguimento de 27,7 ± 3,9 kg/m². A pressão arterial média basal foi de 154,2 ± 19,9 / 89,5 ± 10,8 mm Hg e ao final de 137,3 ± 21,6 / 81 ± 10,6 mm Hg; a frequência cardíaca média basal de 75,3 ± 11,2 lat/min. e ao final de 76,8 ± 10,4 lat/min. Observou-se uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre as pressões arteriais sistólicas e diastólicas obtidas ao final do seguimento, e o índice de massa ventricular esquerda: r = 0,36 p < 0,01 y r = 0,29 p < 0,02, respectivamente; por outra parte, demonstrou-se uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre o descenso da frequência cardíaca e a regressão do índice de massa ventricular esquerdo ao final do seguimento: r = 0,27 p < 0,05. Conclusões. Nosso estudo coincide com achados prévios da literatura em mostrar uma relação positiva, contínua e estatisticamente significativa entre os valores de pressão arterial obtidos com o tratamento antihipertensivo e a regressão da hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, e estabelece como fato novo a existência de uma relação contínua, positiva, e estatisticamente significativa entre a evolução da frequência cardíaca e o índice de massa ventricular esquerda, de modo tal que em pacientes hipertensos, um descenso espontâneo da frequência cardíaca associou-se a regressão de hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, e pelo contrário, um ascenso espontâneo associou-se a progressão do dano no órgão branco.


Subject(s)
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular , Heart Failure , Heart Rate
2.
Insuf. card ; 2(4): 159-162, oct.-dic. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633293

ABSTRACT

En sujetos hipertensos, los niveles de presión arterial per se serían el principal determinante del desarrollo de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Por otra parte, el índice de masa corporal y el perímetro de cintura se han asociado en forma lineal, continua y positiva con elíndice de masa ventricular izquierdo aún en no hipertensos. Un tratamiento insuficiente sería la principal causa de falta de regresión del daño en órgano blanco. El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar el impacto de la obesidad central sobre la regresión del índice de masa ventricular izquierdo. Material y métodos: se incluyeron 102 pacientes (p) HTA que concurrieron por primera vez a un consultorio especializado en forma consecutiva, se les midió el índice de masa ventricular izquierdo (IMVI) por método de Devereux al inicio y luego de al menos 1 año de tratamiento. Fueron divididos en dos grupos: GA: perímetro cintura (PC) < 88 cm mujer y < 102 cm hombre y GB: PC > esos valores. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó test t de Students para diferencias de medias y proporciones, y se consideró significación estadística p<0,05. Resultados: 36 p (35,3%) fueron del GA y 66 p (64,7%) del GB, los que fueron seguidos durante un promedio de 2148 ± 1172 días. El PC fue en GA 88,5 ± 9,5 cm y en GB 105,4 ± 10,7 cm; p<0,0005. No hubo diferencias en edad (52,8 ± 16 años GA y 57,7 ± 11 años GB) y sexo masculino (21 p - 58,3% GA y 31 p - 50% GB). El IMVI basal fue 114,8 ± 30,2 g/m² GA y 114,1 ± 31,8 g/m² GB; la PA basal fue en el GA 157,1 ± 29 / 91,7 ± 11,5 mm Hg y en GB 163,6 ± 26 / 94,8 ± 12,9 mm Hg; p=NS. Al final del seguimiento la diferencia en IMVI fue en el GA - 18,5 ± 23,8 g/m² (p <0,05) y en el GB - 4,3 ± 33,4 g/m² (p=NS); y la diferencia en PA fue para GA - 20,5 ± 28,4 / - 14,4 ± 13,1 mm Hg (p<0,005) vs GB - 21,3 ± 31,7 / - 15,8 ± 17,3 (p<0,005) En el seguimiento tenían una PA inferior a 130 - 85 mm Hg en el GA 11 p (30,6%) y en el GB 14 p (21,2%); p=NS. La cantidad de drogas utilizadas fue en el GA 1,3 ± 0,8 y en el GB 1,4 ± 0,9; p=NS. Conclusiones: A pesar de un descenso similar en los niveles de presión arterial y de la cantidad de drogas indicadas en cada caso, la regresión del índice de masa ventricular izquierdo fue estadísticamente significativa en pacientes hipertensos con perímetro de cintura normal, y no lo fue en quienes lo tuvieron aumentado. Por lo expuesto, la obesidad visceral podría constituirse en una barrera adicional al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial para lograr la regresión del daño en órgano blanco.


Blood pressure per se may be the main determinant of left ventricle hypertrophy development in hypertensive subjects. On the other side, body mass index and waist circumference are related to left ventricle mass index (LVMI) positively, continuously and linearly even in non hypertensive patients. An insufficient treatment may be the main reason of not achieving regression of target organ damage. The objective of this trial is to establish the impact of central obesity on LVMI regression. Material and methods: 102 consecutive hypertensive patients (p) wich attended for the first time to a specialized consultory room were included. LVMI was measured with the Devereux method at the begining and after at least one year of treatment. The patients were divided into two groups: GA: waist circumference (WC) <88 cm in women and <102 cm in men and GB: WC > of those values. The statistic analysis was done with the Students t test for differences in proportions and means and a p value <0.05 was considered statistically significative. Results: 36 p (35.3%) were from GA and 66 p (64.7%) from GB, and the mean follow up was 2148 ± 1172 days. The WC was 88.5 ± 9.5 cm in GA and 105.4 ± 10.7 in GB; p<0.0005. There were any mean age differences (GA 52.8 ± 16 years and GB 57.7 ± 11 years) and any male prevalence differences (GA 21 p - 58.3% vs GB 31 p - 50%). The initial LVMI was 114.8 ± 30.2 g/m² in GA and 114.1 ± 31.8 g/m² in GB; the initial blood pressure was 157.1 ± 29 / 91.7 ± 11.5 mm Hg in GA and 163.6 ± 26 / 94.8 ± 12.9 mm Hg in GB; p=NS. At the end of the follow up the LVMI differences were - 18.5 ± 23.8 g/m² in GA (p<0.05) and - 4.3 ± 33.4 g/m² in GB (p=NS); and the differences in blood pressure were - 20.5 ± 28.4 / - 14.4 ± 13.1 mm Hg in GA (p<0.005) vs - 21.3 ± 31.7 / - 15.8 ± 17.3 in GB (p<0.005). During the follow up the blood pressure was under 130 - 85 mm Hg in 11 p (30.6%) from GA and 14 p (21.2%) from GB; p=NS. The amount of drugs used in GA was 1.3 ± 0.8 and 1.4 ± 0.9 in GB; p=NS. Conclusions: Although a similar lowering of blood pressure was achieved in both groups and there were any differences in the amount of drugs prescribed the LVMI regression was statistically significative in hypertensive patients with normal waist circumference and it was not in patients with WC increased. To sum up, visceral obesity may be an additional obstacle to achieve target organ damage regression in the treatment of arterial hypertension.


Em sujeitos hipertensos, os níveis de pressão arterial per se seriam a principal determinante do desenvolvimento de hiperetrofia ventricular esquerda. Por outra parte, o índice de massa corporal e o perímetro de cintura se associaram em forma lineal, contínua e positiva com o índice de massa ventricular esquerdo ainda em não hipertensos. Um tratamento insuficiente seria a principal causa da falta de regressão do dano no órgão branco. O objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar o impacto da obesidade central sobre a regressão do índice de massa ventricular esquerdo. Material e métodos: incluíram-se 102 pacientes (p) HTA que concorreram por primeira vez a um consultório especializado em forma consecutiva, mediulhes o índice de massa ventricular esquerdo (IMVE) pelo método de Devereux ao início e logo de pelo menos 1 ano de tratamento. Foram divididos em dois grupos: GA: perímetro cintura (PC) < 88 cm mulher e < 102 cm homem e GB: PC > esses valores. Para a análise de estatística se aplicou test t de Students para diferenças de médias e proporções, e se considerou significação estatístico p<0,05. Resultados: 36 p (35,3%) foram de GA e 66 p (64,7%) do GB, os que foram seguidos durante uma média de 2148 ± 1172 dias. O PC foi em GA 88,5 ± 9,5 cm e em GB 105,4 ± 10,7 cm; p<0,0005. Não houve diferenças em idades (52,8 ± 16 anos GA e 57,7 ± 11 anos GB) e sexo masculino (21 p - 58,3% GA y 31 p - 50% GB). O IMVI basal foi 114,8 ± 30,2 g/m² GA y 114,1 ± 31,8 g/m² GB; A PA basal foi no GA 157,1 ± 29 / 91,7 ± 11,5 mm Hg e em GB 163,6 ± 26 / 94,8 ± 12,9 mm Hg; p=NS. Ao finalizar o seguimento a diferença em IMVI foi no GA - 18,5 ± 23,8 g/m² (p <0,05) no GB - 4,3 ± 33,4 g/m² (p=NS); e a diferença em PA foi para GA - 20,5 ± 28,4 / - 14,4 ± 13,1 mm Hg (p<0,005) vs GB - 21,3 ± 31,7 / - 15,8 ± 17,3 (p<0,005) No seguimento tinham uma PA inferior a 130 - 85 mm Hg no GA 11 p (30,6%) e no GB 14 p (21,2%); p=NS. A quantidade de drogas utilizadas foi no GA 1,3 ± 0,8 e no GB 1,4 ± 0,9; p=NS. Conclusões: Apesar de um descenso similar nos níveis da pressão arterial e da quantidade de drogas indicadas em cada caso, a regressão do índice de massa ventricular esquerdo foi estatisticamente significativa em pacientes hipertensos com perímetro de cintura normal, e não foi assim em quem os tiveram aumentado. Pelo exposto, a obesidade visceral poderia constituir-se em uma barreira adicional ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial para conseguir a regressão do dano no órgão branco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular , Obesity, Abdominal
3.
Eur Heart J ; 25(23): 2155-63, 2004 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15571832

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is a curative treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the effects of adenosine administration on the PV activity and atrio-venous conduction after PV isolation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients (21 m; age: 55+/-8 years) were submitted to ostial PV isolation guided by basket catheter recordings. After successful isolation, the effects of a 12 mg intravenous bolus of adenosine were tested in 62 PVs. In 22/62 PVs (35%), left atrium (LA)-to-PV conduction was transiently (16.6+/-7.1 s, range: 3.8-27.9 s) or permanently (3 PVs) restored in response to adenosine administration. The prevalence of this phenomenon was 39% in left superior PVs, 43% in right superior PVs, and 22% in left inferior PVs (p=0.365). It occurred more frequently in the presence of dissociated PV activity (11/15 PVs, 73% vs. 11/47 PVs, 23%; p=0.002), whereas it was not influenced by the median duration of the radiofrequency current (RFC) delivery for each PV [19 (IQR: 12-26) min vs. 16 (IQR: 11-24) min: p=0.636]. A lengthening or shortening of the LA-PV conduction time was observed at LA-PV conduction appearance and disappearance in 36% and 55% of the cases, respectively. Further RFC applications (median: 5.5 min, IQR: 4-11 min) at the residual conduction breakthrough(s) indicated by the basket catheter recordings definitively eliminated adenosine-induced recovery of LA-PV conduction in all cases. Finally, when present, intrinsic PV discharge was invariably depressed by adenosine administration. CONCLUSIONS: Adenosine may transiently or permanently re-establish LA-PV conduction after apparently successful PV isolation. This phenomenon is abolished by additional RFC delivery. However, its possible influence on the clinical results of PV ablation must be evaluated by properly designed, randomized studies.


Subject(s)
Adenosine/therapeutic use , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Catheter Ablation/methods , Pulmonary Veins/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Female , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
4.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol ; 27(8): 1170-1, 2004 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15305973

ABSTRACT

This paper reports the experience of successful cryoablation of fast atrioventricular nodal pathway in a patient with recurrent atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia after previous unsuccessful attempts of slow pathway ablation. Slow formation of a permanent lesion by cryothermal energy application allowed precise modulation of atrioventricular nodal conduction until the endpoints of complete fast pathway ablation were met with long-term cure of the arrhythmia.


Subject(s)
Atrioventricular Node/surgery , Cryosurgery , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Reoperation
5.
Europace ; 6(2): 97-108, 2004 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15018866

ABSTRACT

AIM: To report the method and findings of computerized high-density mapping of pulmonary veins (PVs) in patients undergoing their electrical isolation for atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS: In 17 consecutive patients (8 M, age 55+/-11 years), a 64 electrode basket catheter was placed in the target PVs and 56 bipolar electrograms were recorded, analyzed and isochronal maps were generated. PVs were mapped during sinus rhythm, left-sided pacing and ectopic activity. The sites of earliest activation at the veno-atrial junction were defined as the atrium to vein conduction breakthroughs. PV activation pattern was classified as predominantly longitudinal or transverse, according to the direction of the impulse from the breakthroughs. The ectopic pattern was defined as multifocal, when distant areas in the PV had activation times within 10ms. Thirty-one PVs were mapped. The activation pattern was predominantly longitudinal in 13 PVs and transverse in 18 PVs. Two breakthroughs were identified in 22 PVs and three in nine. All the breakthroughs were evident simultaneously in sinus rhythm and left-sided pacing changed only the predominance of the breakthrough. Ectopies were mapped in 10 PVs: eight showed a multifocal and two a monofocal pattern; six ectopies originated from the proximal tract of the PV. CONCLUSION: High-density mapping of PV identifies a typical activation pattern. Multiple and discrete breakthroughs are simultaneously identified in sinus rhythm. The majority of the mapped ectopies has a multifocal pattern and proximal origin.


Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology , Catheter Ablation , Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac , Pulmonary Veins/physiopathology , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Veins/surgery
6.
Ital Heart J ; 3(2): 128-32, 2002 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11926011

ABSTRACT

Radiofrequency is the most commonly used energy source for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Despite its high success rate, radiofrequency energy may sometimes present limitations, especially in case of anteroseptal atrioventricular accessory pathways. In these patients, inadvertent atrioventricular block may occur during or after the procedure and a high recurrence rate of conduction over the accessory pathway is observed. Since the late 1970s, cryosurgery has been an integral part of the management of cardiac arrhythmias, and recently, animal and clinical studies demonstrated the feasibility and safety of applying percutaneous catheter cryoablation technology. These studies also showed that reversible cryomapping of high-risk arrhythmogenic sites can be performed before creating permanent lesions. In this preliminary report, we describe the successful use of percutaneous cryoablation for the permanent interruption of conduction over anteroseptal accessory pathways.


Subject(s)
Body Surface Potential Mapping , Cryosurgery , Heart Conduction System/surgery , Heart Septum/surgery , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Adult , Catheter Ablation , Humans , Male
7.
Ed. lat. electrocardiología ; 6(1): 21-30, mar. 2000. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-275660

ABSTRACT

Las taquicardias con complejos QRS anchos presentan un valor pronóstico y terapéutico de gran importancia en la práctica clínica cotidiana. Se han descripto un gran número de criterios que ayudan al diagnóstico diferencial. En esta parte del artículo se analizarán los aspectos morfológicos y algoritmos usados para establecer un diagnóstico apropiado


Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Electrocardiography , Electrophysiology
8.
Ed. lat. electrocardiología ; 6(1): 21-30, mar. 2000. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-11360

ABSTRACT

Las taquicardias con complejos QRS anchos presentan un valor pronóstico y terapéutico de gran importancia en la práctica clínica cotidiana. Se han descripto un gran número de criterios que ayudan al diagnóstico diferencial. En esta parte del artículo se analizarán los aspectos morfológicos y algoritmos usados para establecer un diagnóstico apropiado (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Algorithms , Electrophysiology , Electrocardiography , Diagnosis, Differential
9.
Ed. lat. electrocardiología ; 5(3): 90-8, nov. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-275658

ABSTRACT

Las taquicardias con complejos QRS ancho revierten un valor pronóstico y terapéutico de gran importancia en la práctica clínica cotidiana. Se han descripto una cantidad importante de criterios que ayudan al diagnóstico diferencial de las mismas. Se considera oportuno describir la frecuencia de aparición, mecanismos, algoritmos, el aporte de drogas y estudios complementarios para establecer un diagnóstico apropiado


Subject(s)
Humans , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Electrocardiography
10.
Ed. lat. electrocardiología ; 5(3): 90-8, nov. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-11362

ABSTRACT

Las taquicardias con complejos QRS ancho revierten un valor pronóstico y terapéutico de gran importancia en la práctica clínica cotidiana. Se han descripto una cantidad importante de criterios que ayudan al diagnóstico diferencial de las mismas. Se considera oportuno describir la frecuencia de aparición, mecanismos, algoritmos, el aporte de drogas y estudios complementarios para establecer un diagnóstico apropiado (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/diagnosis , Electrocardiography , Diagnosis, Differential
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