Efecto diferencial de la 4'-epi-doxorubicina sobre plásmido y cromosoma en aislados de enterobacterias con resistencia a antibióticos ß-lactámicos / Diferential effect of the 4'-epi-doxorubicin on plasmid and cromosome in aislated of enterobacteries with ß-lactamase antibiotics resistance

La resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos puede residir en el cromosoma y/o plásmidos; sin embargo una bacteria puede modificar la resistencia por el uso de agentes tales como los intercaladores del ADN, entre los cuales están los antibióticos antraciclínicos. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de la 4'-epidoxorubicina (4EPI) sobre los plásmidos de Enterobacterias nosocomiales con resistencia a la ampicilina (Amp). Tanto la Amp como la (4EPI) mostraron un efecto variado sobre las cepas en estudio. Los resultados muestran que la metodología debe ser adaptada a cada microorganismo en estudio y el resultado más relevante fue el efecto negativo sobre el plásmido a las concentraciones 2mg/mL y 0,00002 mg/ml de 4EPI para Klebsiella pneumoniae PIN147

Administration of unmodified progesterone by nasal spray in fertile women.

A 11.20-mg dose of progesterone was administered by nasal spray to five healthy fertile women in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Serial blood samples were collected and Cmax (the maximum progesterone concentration reached), Tmax (the time at which Cmax was reached) and the area under the curve (AUC), with the time limits of 0 and 720 min, were calculated. Serum progesterone levels were assayed by means of a non-extraction [125I]radioimmunoassay. The mean Cmax was 4.50 +/- 2.31 ng/ml at a Tmax of 30 min; levels returned to baseline after 720 min. The mean AUC value was 1180.50 +/- 613.90 ng.h/ml. The progesterone administered by nasal spray in fertile women was effective in reaching physiological progesterone levels. Even if a nasal first-pass metabolic effect is taken into account, this route allows progesterone to avoid liver first-pass metabolism and its metabolic consequences.

[Transvaginal absorption of an oleic solution of progesterone (Gestone) in fertile women]. / Assorbimento per via vaginale di una soluzione oleosa di progesterone (Gestone) in donne in età fertile.

Transvaginal absorption of a progesterone (P) oleic formulation, commercially available for intramuscular administration (Gestone, Amsa, Rome), has been investigated in five fertile women in the follicular phase. The contents of a vial, corresponding to P 100 mg, was administered intravaginally by a syringe connected to an atraumatic cannula inserted in the vagina. While administering and for a further 10 minutes the woman remained in the recumbent position. Blood samples for P assay were drawn at the following times: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480 and 1440 minutes. Mean CMax was 5.08 +/- 1.66 ng/ml, and the difference between baseline and CMax values was statistically significant (p < 0.01). TMax resulted as 60 minutes (range 45-240 minutes). Mean serum levels lowered subsequently but resulted as still significantly higher than baseline (p < 0.05) after 1440 minutes. Mean AUC 0-1440 value was 4236.75 ng h/ml. Any local or systemic side-effects were noted. No evidence of vaginal irritation was observed in any women. On the basis of the present data it is possible to suggest that a twice daily administration schedule could ensure suitable P serum levels in fertile women.

[Induction of ovulation, with pulsatile GnRH by subcutaneous route in amenorrhea of hypothalamic origin]. / Induction de l'ovulation, par la Gn-RH pulsatile par voie sous-cutanée dans les aménorrhées d'origine hypothalamique.

Twelve patients affected by secondary amenorrhea of hypothalamic origin, resistant to Clomiphene Citrate treatment, were treated for 2 consecutive cycles with subcutaneous pulsatile administration (s.c.) of Gn-RH by computerized portable pump (Ziklomat-Ferring) at a dose of 20 mcg every 60-90 minutes for a total of 20 cycles. On the average 85% of ovulatory cycles and 30% of pregnancies per cycle were obtained with this therapy. The number of ovulatory cycles and pregnancies obtained in the second cycle of treatment were in percentage higher, with respect to the first cycle of treatment. Only one subject, not responsive to both cycles of s.c. administration, underwent an intravenous therapy with positive results.