ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Alterations in heart rate (HR) may provide new information about physiological signatures of depression severity. This 2-year study in individuals with a history of recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) explored the intra-individual variations in HR parameters and their relationship with depression severity. METHODS: Data from 510 participants (Number of observations of the HR parameters = 6666) were collected from three centres in the Netherlands, Spain, and the UK, as a part of the remote assessment of disease and relapse-MDD study. We analysed the relationship between depression severity, assessed every 2 weeks with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8, with HR parameters in the week before the assessment, such as HR features during all day, resting periods during the day and at night, and activity periods during the day evaluated with a wrist-worn Fitbit device. Linear mixed models were used with random intercepts for participants and countries. Covariates included in the models were age, sex, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption, antidepressant use and co-morbidities with other medical health conditions. RESULTS: Decreases in HR variation during resting periods during the day were related with an increased severity of depression both in univariate and multivariate analyses. Mean HR during resting at night was higher in participants with more severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that alterations in resting HR during all day and night are associated with depression severity. These findings may provide an early warning of worsening depression symptoms which could allow clinicians to take responsive treatment measures promptly.
Subject(s)
Depression , Depressive Disorder, Major , Humans , Heart Rate/physiology , Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , BiomarkersABSTRACT
El esguince cervical es la patología traumática más frecuente en el ámbito de la valoración médico forense. Se realiza una aproximación a la misma a través de las peritaciones realizadas por 22 médicos forenses de 15 partidos judiciales españoles, sobre un total de 572 lesionados. Se concluye la mayor incidencia en el sexo femenino (57.52%), en el rango de edades entre 21 y 40 años (58%), siendo conductor de un turismo (54.7%) que recibe un golpe posterior (59%). Con un tiempo de sanidad entre los 31 y 90 días (52%), resultando en un mayor porcentaje con secuelas (64,3%), comúnmente SPC o cervicalgia, generalmente (56%) de grado leve
Whiplash is the leading traumatic cause concerning the evaluation in forensic activity. It has been carried out an approximation through the reports done by 22 forensic examiners working in 15 Spanish jurisdictions, over a total amount of 572 injured people. In fact there is a bigger incidence of damage in female gender (57.52%), in the age ranging from 21 to 40 years (58%), driving a car (54.7%), following a rear-end collision (59%). The healing time varies from 31 to 90 days (52%), and mostly with sequels (64.3%), commonly Cervical Post-Traumatic Syndrome or cervical pain, usually (56%) in a low degree
