ABSTRACT
Locally advanced cervical carcinoma had been treated with radiation therapy until 1999, when five different large clinical trials showed an overall survival benefit when chemotherapy was administered concomitantly with radiotherapy. The chemotherapy agents used in these trials were cisplatin, cisplatin combined with fluorouracil or hydroxyurea. Weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m(2)) achieved the best responses, even when compared with the combination with fluorouracil. These results led the United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) to recommend platinum-based chemotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Other cytotoxic agents have been tried in combination with radiotherapy for the management of the disease, including carboplatin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine and even topotecan. Gemcitabine has shown promising results and the combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin has proved safe and effective. However, to date, there has been no agent or combination of agents to have shown superiority over weekly cisplatin. Biologic agents such as bevacizumab, cetuximab, sorafenib and erlotinib are currently being tried in different trials in combination with radiotherapy and cisplatin. Celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor was evaluated in an RTOG study in combination with cisplatin and flourouracil with radiation therapy with no apparent effect on DFS and poor rates of locoregional control. Chemoradiation is the current standard therapy in locally advanced cervical carcinoma. The integration of novel agents will be established by the ongoing clinical trials.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , HumansABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To know the characteristics of endometrial adenocarcinoma in young patients and to review the published experience in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma that were conservatively managed with hormonal therapy to spare their fertility. METHODS: We carried out a search in the Survey conducted by the Section of Oncologic Gynecology of SEGO (Spanish Society of Gynecologists) to identify the characteristics of young patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. In addition we searched MEDLINE and other databases for English-language articles describing patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma who were treated with hormonal therapy. The search included articles published between January 1966 and January 2007. RESULTS: Endometrial carcinoma in patients under 45 years old is an unusual condition that shows a more favourable pattern than in older patients. One hundred and thirty-three patients were found in the search. The average duration of hormonal therapy was approximately six months. The average response time was 12 weeks; 76% of patients treated with hormonal therapy had a complete response and the other 24% never responded to treatment. Of those who initially responded, 66% percent did not show recurrence of disease. The other 34% had a relapse. There have been 4 published deaths of conservatively managed patients. CONCLUSION: A conservative approach in these patients can offer reasonable oncological security and the opportunity of fulfilling their maternal desires in selected cases. However, consideration should be taken regarding the potential adverse outcomes that have been recently published in the literature (AU)
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Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Endometrial Neoplasms/complications , Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Endometrial Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/metabolism , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Fertility , Pregnancy OutcomeABSTRACT
Los autores presentan un caso de neumatosis del sistema portal y venoso hepático como consecuencia de una diverticulitis del colon sigmoide en un varón de 59 años. La enfermedad se inició con fiebre en agujas de origen incierto durante 3 semanas. El diagnóstico se sospechó al realizar una TAC que puso de manifiesto gas en el parénquima hepático, en la vena mesentérica inferior y en el mesocolon sigmoide. La laparotomía confirmó la presencia de un absceso entre las hojas del meso del sigma con fistulización a los vasos sigmoideos y tromboflebitis séptica de la vena mesentérica inferior (AU)
