ABSTRACT
The purpose of this work is to describe a first approach to a smart bioimpedance spectroscopy device for its application to the estimation of body composition. The proposed device is capable of carrying out bioimpedance measurements in multiple configurable frequencies, processing the data to obtain the modulus and the bioimpedance phase in each of the frequencies, and transmitting the processed information wirelessly. Another novelty of this work is a new algorithm for the identification of Cole model parameters, which is the basis of body composition estimation through bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis. Against other proposals, the main advantages of the proposed method are its robustness against parasitic effects by employing an extended version of Cole model with phase delay and three dispersions, its simplicity and low computational load. The results obtained in a validation study with respiratory patients show the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed technology for bioimpedance measurements. The precision and validity of the algorithm was also proven in a validation study with peritoneal dialysis patients. The proposed method was the most accurate compared with other existing algorithms. Moreover, in those cases affected by parasitic effects the proposed algorithm provided better approximations to the bioimpedance values than a reference device.
Subject(s)
Body Composition , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Algorithms , Anthropometry , Body Height , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Dielectric Spectroscopy , Electric Impedance , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation , SoftwareABSTRACT
La presencia de hipercalcemia mantenida obliga a realizar pruebas complementarias para determinar su origen. Es benigna y, generalmente, no requiere tratamiento. La secuenciación del gen CaSR confirma el diagnóstico y evita tratamientos innecesarios. Se presenta a un niño de 12 años, asintomático, con hipercalcemia persistente entre 11,4 y 12,2 mg/dl. El padre y dos hermanos tenían hipercalcemia asintomática. El análisis de laboratorio mostró valores de magnesio, fósforo y vitamina D normales y de hormona paratiroidea llamativamente normal para el valor de la hipercalcemia. Indice de calcio/creatinina urinario: 0,11 mg/mg; y calciuria de 24 h: 1,8 mg/kg/día. Ecografía abdominal, paratiroides, radiografías de huesos largos y densitometría ósea, normales. El estudio genético mostró mutación en exón 6 (c.1651A>G) del gen CaSR (en heterocigosis), confirmada en el padre y los hermanos.
The finding of persistent hypercalcemia suggests doing other medical tests to find the cause. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia is usually benign and it requires no treatment. It is important to do CASR gene sequencing to avoid unnecessary treatments. We report a 12-year-old child, asymptomatic, with calcemia between 11.4 and 12.2 mg/dl. His father and two brothers presented asymptomatic hypercalcemia. The blood test with magnesium, phosphorus, 25(OH)Vit D was normal, remarkable normal parathyroid hormone for the level of hypercalcemia. Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio was 0,11 mg/dl and 24-hour urinary calcium was 1,8 mg/kg per day. Abdominal and parathyroid ecography, long bone radiographs and densitometry were normal. Genetic study showed a mutation, c.1651A>G, in exon 6 of the calciumsensing receptor gene, confirmed in father and brothers, too.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/genetics , Hypercalcemia/congenital , Hypercalcemia/etiology , Exons , Hypercalcemia/diagnosis , Hypercalcemia/genetics , MutationABSTRACT
The finding of persistent hypercalcemia suggests doing other medical tests to find the cause. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia is usually benign and it requires no treatment. It is important to do CASR gene sequencing to avoid unnecessary treatments. We report a 12-year-old child, asymptomatic, with calcemia between 11.4 and 12.2 mg/dl. His father and two brothers presented asymptomatic hypercalcemia. The blood test with magnesium, phosphorus, 25(OH)Vit D was normal, remarkable normal parathyroid hormone for the level of hypercalcemia. Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio was 0,11 mg/dl and 24-hour urinary calcium was 1,8 mg/kg per day. Abdominal and parathyroid ecography, long bone radiographs and densitometry were normal. Genetic study showed a mutation, c.1651A>G, in exon 6 of the calciumsensing receptor gene, confirmed in father and brothers, too.
La presencia de hipercalcemia mantenida obliga a realizar pruebas complementarias para determinar su origen. Es benigna y, generalmente, no requiere tratamiento. La secuenciación del gen CaSR confirma el diagnóstico y evita tratamientos innecesarios. Se presenta a un niño de 12 años, asintomático, con hipercalcemia persistente entre 11,4 y 12,2 mg/dl. El padre y dos hermanos tenían hipercalcemia asintomática. El análisis de laboratorio mostró valores de magnesio, fósforo y vitamina D normales y de hormona paratiroidea llamativamente normal para el valor de la hipercalcemia. Indice de calcio/creatinina urinario: 0,11 mg/mg; y calciuria de 24 h: 1,8 mg/kg/día. Ecografía abdominal, paratiroides, radiografías de huesos largos y densitometría ósea, normales. El estudio genético mostró mutación en exón 6 (c.1651A>G) del gen CaSR (en heterocigosis), confirmada en el padre y los hermanos.
Subject(s)
Hypercalcemia/congenital , Hypercalcemia/etiology , Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/genetics , Child , Exons , Humans , Hypercalcemia/diagnosis , Hypercalcemia/genetics , Male , MutationABSTRACT
Introducción. Gracias a la bioimpedancia es posible valorar el estado de hidratación del paciente independientemente del peso corporal. También identifica las reservas proteicas/magras y reservas grasas en el paciente. Objetivos. 1. Descripción del estado nutricional de la población estable en un centro periférico medido por: bioimpedancia, antropometría, valoración global subjetiva y datos analíticos. 2. Comparación y análisis de los diferentes métodos de valoración nutricional. Metodología. Estudio analítico, prospectivo, comparativo de diferentes formas de valorar el estado nutricional de los 52 pacientes estables de nuestro centro. Estudiamos la concordancia entre variables y comparamos parámetros significativos de cada método de valoración nutricional: Resultados. Por valoración global subjetiva encontramos alto riesgo de desnutrición en un 63,46%; de los pacientes, la bioimpedancia indica una malnutrición de un 59,61%. La albúmina sérica muestra un 56,8% de los pacientes con un estado nutricional adecuado, mientras que están en este estado un 51,21% si se considera la transferrinasérica. Existen muchos métodos para valorar el estado nutricional de nuestros pacientes. Se observa correlación entre la valoración global subjetiva y la analítica nutricional (AU)
Introduction. Thanks to bioimpedance it is possible to evaluate the state of hydration of the patient independently of body weight. It also identifies the lean protein reserves and fat reserves in the patient. Objectives. 1. Description of the nutritional state of the stable population in a peripheral centre measured by: bioimpedance, anthropometrics, subjective global assessment and analytical data. 2. Comparison and analysis of the different nutritional evaluation methods. Methodology. Analytical, prospective, comparative study of the different ways of evaluating the nutritional state of the 52 stable patients in our centre. We studied the match between variables and we compared significant parameters of each nutritional evaluation method: Results. By subjective global assessment we found a high risk of malnutrition in 63.46% of patients, bioimpedance indicated malnutrition in 59.61%. Serum albumin showed 56.8% of patients in an adequate nutritional state while 51.21% are in this state if serum transferrin is considered. There are many methods for evaluating the nutritional state of our patients. A correlation is observed between the subjective global assessment and the nutritional analysis (AU)
