ABSTRACT
This paper has as its theme the autonomy of pregnant women in relation to choosing the method of birth for their child. The objective was to carry out a scoping review to study the literature and evidence of how autonomy is being offered to parturient women. Study design and location: In October 2023, a search was carried out using the terms "pregnant women" AND "delivery" AND "autonomy" in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo and LILACS. The search included articles from 2016 to 2023. Of the 179 articles found, 15 met the criteria and were selected for this review. Results: the pregnant woman's autonomy in choosing the method of childbirth is influenced by several factors, such as the obstetrician's recommendation, the medical team, and negative and positive experiences. Thus, when this autonomy is shared with the obstetrician, the obstetrician recommends cesarean section as the safest route, but does not explain the benefits and harms of both routes (vaginal and cesarean section), causing the woman to accept the cesarean section. Midwives recommend vaginal birth because they believe it to be natural and safe and explain the benefits and harms of both methods, respecting the pregnant woman's choice of the method she prefers. Conclusion: women have the fundamental right to choose their method of birth and must be properly guided throughout prenatal care, whether by an obstetrician or a midwife, about the options, risks and benefits of each method of childbirth, respecting the ethical principle of beneficence.
Subject(s)
Cesarean Section , Delivery, Obstetric , Parturition , Personal Autonomy , Pregnant Women , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnant Women/psychology , Delivery, Obstetric/methods , Choice BehaviorABSTRACT
Synopsis: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing surgical excision with percutaneous ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted excision (US-VAE) for the treatment of benign phyllodes tumor (PT) using local recurrence (LR) as the endpoint. Objective: To determine the frequency of local recurrence (LR) of benign phyllodes tumor (PT) after ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted excision (US-VAE) compared to the frequency of LR after surgical excision. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis [following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standard] was conducted by comparing LR in women older than 18 years treated for benign PT by US-VAE compared with local surgical excision with at least 12 months of follow-up. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The pooled effect measure used was the odds ratio (OR) of recurrence. Results: Five comparative prospective or retrospective observational studies published between January 1, 1992, and January 10, 2022, comparing surgical excision with percutaneous US-VAE for LR of benign PT met the selection criteria. Four were retrospective observational cohorts, and one was a prospective observational cohort. A total of 778 women were followed up. Of them, 439 (56.4%) underwent local surgical excision, and 339 (43.6%) patients had US-VAE. The median age of patients in the five studies ranged from 33.7 to 39 years; the median size ranged from 1.5 cm to 3.0 cm, and the median follow-up ranged from 12 months to 46.6 months. The needle gauge ranged from 7G to 11G. LR rates were not statically significant between US-VAE and surgical excision (41 of 339 versus 34 of 439; OR 1.3; p = 0.29). Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that using US-VAE for the removal of benign PT does not increase local regional recurrence and is a safe minimally invasive therapeutic option. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022309782.
ABSTRACT
A gestação ectópica em cicatriz de cesariana prévia é um evento iatrogênico raro, que vem crescendo junto com o aumento das taxas de cesariana. Ela não exi- be manifestação clínica específica, o que dificulta o diagnóstico e não apresenta tratamento preconizado, embora esteja associada a grandes complicações obsté- tricas como hemorragia incoercível, acretismo placentário e rotura uterina. Dessa forma, o presente artigo relata três casos clínicos em que diferentes tratamentos foram propostos, objetivando discutir algumas possibilidades terapêuticas como a aspiração manual intrauterina (AMIU) associada com o uso de metotrexato, lapa- roscopia e laparotomia, comparando os resultados encontrados.(AU)
Ectopic cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare iatrogenic event, which has been increase with growing in the percentage of cesarean delivery. It does not exhibit specific cli- nical manifestation, making diagnosis difficult and does not have yet recommended treatment, although is associated with major obstetrics complication such incoer- cible hemorrhage, abnormally invasive placenta and uterine rupture. Therefore, the present article reports three clinical cases witch different types of management, ai- ming discuss some possibilities such intrauterine manual aspiration after systemic methotrexate, laparoscopy or laparotomy surgical, comparing results.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Ectopic/surgery , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Suction , Cicatrix , Video-Assisted Surgery , LaparotomyABSTRACT
A infertilidade é um problema que afeta cerca de 10%-20% da população, com incidência variável em todo o mundo. A avaliação do casal infértil é geralmente indicada depois de um ano, tempo em que a maioria dos casais normais teria sido bem sucedida na tentativa de concepção. Algumas investigações são controversas, e, na presença de múltiplos métodos, o custo, a segurança e a conveniência deveriam ajudar a decidir o mais apropriado.
Infertility is a problem affecting approximately 10%-20% of the population with variable incidences across the world. Evaluation of a couple is generally indicated after one year, by which time most normal couples attemptiong conception would have been successful. Some of the investigations are controversial and in the presence of multiple methods of investigating one aspect, the cost, safety, convenience and evidence-base should help in deciding on the appropriate method.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fallopian Tube Diseases/pathology , Infertility/epidemiology , Infertility/etiology , Infertility/physiopathology , Alcoholism/complications , Smoking/adverse effects , Hysterosalpingography/methods , Laparoscopy/methods , Cervix Mucus/physiology , Obesity/complications , Ovulation/physiology , Semen Analysis , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted , Uterus/abnormalitiesABSTRACT
Incontinência urinária (IU) é um problema de saúde comum entre mulheres idosas, podendo afetar estruturas e função do corpo, atividades e participação social. Tratamentos conservadores têm sido indicados como alternativa para melhorar os sintomas de IU.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a commom health problem among elderly women that may affect body structure, functions, activities and social participation. Conservative treatments are advocated as an alternative to improve UI symptoms...
