ABSTRACT
Chromosomal rearrangements of the human KMT2A/MLL gene are associated with de novo as well as therapy-induced infant, pediatric, and adult acute leukemias. Here, we present the data obtained from 3401 acute leukemia patients that have been analyzed between 2003 and 2022. Genomic breakpoints within the KMT2A gene and the involved translocation partner genes (TPGs) and KMT2A-partial tandem duplications (PTDs) were determined. Including the published data from the literature, a total of 107 in-frame KMT2A gene fusions have been identified so far. Further 16 rearrangements were out-of-frame fusions, 18 patients had no partner gene fused to 5'-KMT2A, two patients had a 5'-KMT2A deletion, and one ETV6::RUNX1 patient had an KMT2A insertion at the breakpoint. The seven most frequent TPGs and PTDs account for more than 90% of all recombinations of the KMT2A, 37 occur recurrently and 63 were identified so far only once. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the KMT2A recombinome in acute leukemia patients. Besides the scientific gain of information, genomic breakpoint sequences of these patients were used to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD). Thus, this work may be directly translated from the bench to the bedside of patients and meet the clinical needs to improve patient survival.
Subject(s)
Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics , Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics , Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/genetics , Gene FusionABSTRACT
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of hospital-associated infections. This study investigated the potential use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for surveillance purposes by re-examining MRSA strains related to past outbreaks among hospitalized paediatric patients. WGS data ameliorated the genotypic profile previously obtained with Sanger sequencing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing, and discriminated between strains that were related and unrelated to the outbreaks. This allowed strain clonality to be defined with a higher level of resolution than achieved previously. This study demonstrates the potential of WGS to trace hospital outbreaks, which may lead to WGS becoming standard practice in outbreak investigations.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/classification , Molecular Typing/methods , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/transmission , Genome, Bacterial , Hospitals, Pediatric , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Molecular Epidemiology/methods , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/transmissionABSTRACT
A growing body of evidence links the analysis of the KIR genotype and the presence of their HLA-B and -C ligands to a wide repertoire of human diseases. We noticed that, using a panel of 184 Caucasoid donors, a limited number of HLA alleles were incorrectly supratyped by previously described pyrosequence-based assays. Here we describe a simple implementation of the reported methods that corrects all the discrepancies found with HLA-B and -C molecular typing and allows establishing a quick and high-throughput method for the determination of HLA-Bw4 I(80), Bw4T(80), Bw6 and HLA-C1 or -C2 supratype.
