ABSTRACT
Forces were measured at the articular surface of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle in two stump-tail monkeys (Macaca arctoides) during chewing, incisal biting, and drinking and also during aggressive behaviors. Force was measured with a thin piezoelectric foil transducer, which was cemented over the anterior and superior surfaces of the condyle. Wires from the upper and lower surfaces of the foil were insulated between two layers of Teflon tape and run subcutaneously to a telemetry unit, which was implanted in the upper back. Force applied across the foil by the condyle was detected by the telemetry unit and transmitted to an FM radio receiver outside the animal. The FM signals were received and demodulated, and a signal proportional to the force applied between the condyle and the TMJ fossa was displayed on a chart recorder. Data were collected over an 8-day period. The animals were not constrained. The TMJ was found to be load bearing. The greatest force of 39.0 lb (17.7 kg) was measured during feisty vocal aggression. Forces ranged as high as 34.5 lb (15.7 kg) during chewing and 28.5 lb (13.0 kg) during incisal biting. Forces were greater on the working (food) side than on the nonworking (balancing) side by average ratios of 1.4 to 2.6. A large unilateral interference at the most distal molar greatly disturbed chewing. It reduced TMJ forces by 50% or more, and the monkey refused to chew on the side opposite the interference.
Subject(s)
Bite Force , Dental Occlusion , Dental Stress Analysis/instrumentation , Mandibular Condyle/physiology , Temporomandibular Joint/physiology , Aggression/physiology , Animals , Data Display , Drinking , Equipment Design , Macaca , Mastication , TransducersSubject(s)
Fibroma/pathology , Mandibular Neoplasms/pathology , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Twenty subjects, 13 female and 7 male, aged 16 to 37 years, were studied to determine the effects on memory of intravenous sedation with diazepam (Valium). Three tests were performed: 1) the Weschler Logical Memory Scale; 2) memory of three geometric shapes; and 3) memory of three objects presented in a drawing. Logical memory items were presented before and after sedation; other tests were presented after sedation. Anterograde amnesia was produced by diazepam sedation. No retrograde amnesia was observed. A significant drug effect was found between the pre-drug and post-drug retention intervals (T+ = 2; P less than 0.005). Post-drug recognition scores were found to be approximately 42% of pre-drug recognition scores. The anterograde amnesia produced with diazepam was probably due to decreased arousal of the subject, and decreased attention to rehearsal of short-term memory stimuli, resulting in a lack of storage of the stimuli.
Subject(s)
Amnesia/chemically induced , Anesthesia, Dental , Diazepam/pharmacology , Memory/drug effects , Preanesthetic Medication , Adolescent , Adult , Anesthesia, Local , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Recall/drug effectsABSTRACT
For the past four years, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University of Florida College of Dentistry has participated in a respiratory physiology workshop, using nitrous oxide analgesia as a teaching aid. By using clinical faculty to teach an area both clinically relevant and with a strong basic science correlation, feelings of alienation from the clinical environment and the feeling that the basic medical sciences lack application in clinical practice can be addressed in a positive constructive manner.For the past four years, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University of Florida, College of Dentistry has participated in a respiratory physiology workshop, using nitrous oxide analgesia as a teaching aid. The main thrust of the workshop is the teaching of respiratory physiology. The advantages of using nitrous oxide analgesia is that in addition to learning about anesthesia, the students can participate in and actually feel the effects of gas exchange and get a more dynamic view of respiratory functions. In addition, by using clinical faculty to teach first year dental students an area both clinically relevant and with a strong basic science correlation, we expect students to relate to the basic sciences as an intergral part of their dental education.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Inhalation , Education, Dental , Nitrous Oxide , Physiology/education , Respiration , Teaching/methods , HumansSubject(s)
Tooth Movement Techniques/methods , Tooth, Impacted/surgery , Adult , Female , Humans , Tooth, Impacted/therapySubject(s)
Bone Cysts/pathology , Mandibular Diseases/pathology , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
A hypertensive crisis requires rapid diagnosis and treatment to prevent serious sequelae. A patient with medial calcific sclerosis, however, may appear to have extremely elevated blood pressure values but, in effect, be normotensive. Consideration should be given to this condition when the patient's clinical appearance does not reflect the extremely elevated blood pressure values as measured.
Subject(s)
Arteriosclerosis/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Aged , Arteriosclerosis/diagnosis , Blood Pressure , Calcinosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Etidocaine hydrochloride had a rapid onset time, high frequency of surgical anesthesia, long duration and no side effects in 25 healthy patients who had 50 impacted third molars removed. Etidocaine compared favorably to lidocaine and its duration of action was two times longer.
Subject(s)
Acetanilides , Anesthesia, Dental , Anesthesia, Local , Etidocaine , Molar/surgery , Tooth, Impacted/surgery , Adult , Drug Evaluation , Etidocaine/administration & dosage , Etidocaine/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Male , Nerve Block , Time Factors , Tooth ExtractionABSTRACT
A case of parotid gland fistula after the use of external pin fixation has been described. Therapy for this condition has been discussed, with the suggestion of minimal treatment for this temporary condition.
