A Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Nisin in Different Vehicles Against Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study.

Aim To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of nisin in different carriers against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and methods Test materials were divided into four groups of five samples each as follows: group 1 = nisin + 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 2 = nisin + 2% chitosan; group 3 = nisin + 2% chlorhexidine; group 4 = nisin + distilled water (control). The antimicrobial effectiveness was assessed using the direct contact method, where a standardized E. faecalis suspension was applied to the test materials. Optical density (OD) was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at the end of days one and seven. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc analysis. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results On day one, there was a significant difference in the mean OD values (p < 0.001) with group 3 showing the highest, followed by groups 1, 2, and 4. On day seven, all groups demonstrated antibacterial activity (group 1 > group 3 > group 4 > group 2) but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.393). Intragroup analysis showed a decrease in the OD values from day one to day seven, the difference of which was not significant in all groups except group 1, which showed a significant difference (p = 0.035). Conclusion The antibacterial efficacy of nisin was synergistically enhanced with the addition of 17% EDTA and 2% chlorhexidine over seven days against E. faecalis.

Diagnosis and Dental Management of a Patient With Forbes Albright Syndrome: A Report of a Rare Case.

Forbes Albright syndrome is a hyperprolactinemia syndrome linked to a pituitary tumor associated with galactorrhea and amenorrhea. Cabergoline, an ergot derivative, is its drug of choice. Here, we report the oral manifestations and management of a case of a 32-year-old female, diagnosed and treated with the same. The patient had an alarming increase in the incidence and progression of dental caries. Her diagnosis and management have been highlighted. This can have overbearing effects on the psychology and function of the individual, thus making early diagnosis and precise management important.

Effect of Herbal Intracanal Medicaments on Microhardness of Root Dentin: An In Vitro Study.

INTRODUCTION: The use of intracanal medicaments (ICM) is crucial to reduce the microbial load in root canals. However, its application may negatively affect the physical properties of root dentine. Thus, this in vitro study was performed to investigate the effects of different herbal ICM on the microhardness of root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 mid-root discs were randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) and treated with Aloe vera, Aloe vera + chitosan, curcumin, curcumin + chitosan, and control for 14 days. A Vickers hardness indentation machine (Laizhou Laihua Testing Instrument Factory, Yantai, China) with a load of 200 g and a dwell time of 15 seconds was used for microhardness testing before and after treatment. The results were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 26.0; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). Intragroup comparisons were executed using paired t-tests, while intergroup comparisons employed ANOVA, followed by post-hoc Tukey's tests. RESULTS: The Aloe vera + chitosan and curcumin + chitosan groups showed a statistically significant reduction in dentin microhardness (p < 0.05). The decrease in dentin microhardness of the Aloe vera and curcumin groups was non-significant (p > 0.05) and similar to that of the control. CONCLUSION: Aloe vera or curcumin alone as ICM did not affect the root dentin microhardness. The addition of 0.2% chitosan to either Aloe vera or curcumin negatively affected the root dentin microhardness.

Minimally Invasive Esthetic Reinforcement of a Fractured Anterior Tooth Using Dentapreg PINPost: A Case Report.

The reason to use post is to retain the core that holds the definitive prosthesis. The maxillary central incisor always poses a challenge during reconstruction using the post and core system. Dentapreg PINPost, a pre-cured flexible post made of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), has many advantages over metallic posts and fiber posts. The purpose of this case report is to present an innovative technique to place both FRC posts and FRC sheets as a single assembly into the canal which gives a monoblock effect. This technique is feasible and may eradicate some of the problems associated with the failure of the post and core.

Comparative evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of two experimental calcium silicate-based intracanal medicaments: An in-vitro study.

Introduction: Success of endodontic treatment relies on minimizing microbial load by chemo-mechanical preparation and intra-canal medication(ICM). Calcium hydroxide based ICMs have known disadvantages. Calcium silicate-based cements(CSC) exhibit antibacterial activity, thus promoting researchers to experiment with their formulations to use them as ICMs. Aim: Evaluation and comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of two experimental CSC (MTA & Biodentine + 2%chlorhexidine) and Bio-C Temp against E.faecalis. Methods and Material: Test materials were divided into four groups namely Group1-Bio-C Temp, Group2-UltraCAL XS, Group3-Biodentine+2%CHX and Group4-MTA+2%CHX. Direct contact test was done by placing a standardized suspension of E.faecalis on test materials and bacterial growth was assessed spectrophotometrically using ELISA at one, three and seven days. Statistical Analysis: Data was analysed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's multiple post hoc test and paired-t test. Results: Intragroup comparison revealed decreased mean optical density(OD) in groups 1, 2, and 4; no significant difference in group 3. Intergroup comparison showed statistical differences in mean OD values between groups (3 and 4); groups (1 and 2) at days one(p-0.018) and three(p-0.035), but no difference individually. Group 4 showed the highest antimicrobial efficacy on day seven. Conclusion: MTA+2%CHX & Biodentine+2%CHX showed better antimicrobial efficacy and hence could be used as potential ICMs.

Comparative Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of a Bioactive Material Enhanced by Phytosynthesized Nanoparticles: An In vitro Study.

Aims: The aim was the study was to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of ACTIVA Bioactive Base/Liner (ABBL) enhanced with phytosynthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) and nano-curcumin (nCur). Methodology: Thirty samples each of ABBL (Group 1), ABBL + nTiO2 (Group 2), and ABBL + nCur (Group 3) were prepared for testing the compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS). Forty-five cylinders (15 per group) (6 mm × 4 mm) were fabricated for CS and 45 for three-point bending FS measurements (22 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm). They were tested in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min for CS and 0.5 mm/min with 20 mm space between the two supports for FS measurements. Statistical Analysis: Intergroup comparison of CS and FS was assessed using one-way ANOVA. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Intergroup comparison showed an overall significant difference (P = 0.016 for CS) and (P = 0.001 for FS), where Group 1 had the highest and Gr 3 the least strength. No significant difference was observed between Group 1 and Group 2, while Group 3 showed significantly low strength when compared to Group 1. Conclusions: ABBL + 3% nTiO2 showed nonsignificant decrease while ABBL + 7% nCur showed significant decrease in mechanical properties.